View source for Ub Iwerks



{{Infobox person
| image         = Ub Iwerks.jpg
| caption       = Iwerks animating his most famous co-creation, [[Mickey Mouse]] {{circa|1929}}
| birth_name    = Ubbe Ert Iwwerks
| birth_date    = {{Birth date|1901|3|24|mf=y}}
| birth_place   = [[Kansas City, Missouri]], U.S. 
| death_date    = {{Death date and age|1971|7|7|1901|3|24|mf=y}}
| death_place   = [[Burbank, California]], U.S.
| resting_place = [[Forest Lawn – Hollywood Hills Cemetery]]
| occupation    = {{flatlist|
*Animator
*cartoonist
*film producer
*inventor
*[[special effects|special]] and [[visual effects]] technician}}
| years_active  = 1919–1971<ref name="korkis">{{Cite web |last=Korkis |first=Jim |date=July 1, 2020 |title=Who Was Ub Iwerks? |url=https://www.mouseplanet.com/12692/Who_Was_Ub_Iwerks |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506011800/https://www.mouseplanet.com/12692/Who_Was_Ub_Iwerks |archive-date=May 6, 2022 |access-date=May 2, 2022}}</ref>
| spouse        = {{marriage|Mildred Sarah Henderson|1927}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mildred Sarah Henderson 1899–7 July 1971 (Age 72) |url=https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/KCRW-KTK/mildred-sarah-henderson-1899-1971 |access-date=February 22, 2023 |website=[[FamilySearch]]}}</ref>
| notable_works = {{Plainlist|
* [[Oswald the Lucky Rabbit]]
* [[Mickey Mouse]]
* [[Flip the Frog]]
}}
| children      = 2, including [[Don Iwerks|Don]]
| employer      = {{Plainlist|
* [[Walt Disney Animation Studios|Walt Disney Productions]] (1923–1930, 1940–1964)
* [[Warner Bros. Cartoons|Leon Schlesinger Productions]] (1937)
* [[Columbia Pictures]] (1936–1940)
* Cartoon Films Limited (1937–1940)<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 7, 2016 |title='Minitoons' from Cartoon Films LTD/ Animated Cartoons Inc. |url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/minitoons-from-cartoon-films-ltd-animated-cartoons-inc/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502180015/https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/minitoons-from-cartoon-films-ltd-animated-cartoons-inc/ |archive-date=May 2, 2022 |access-date=May 2, 2022}}</ref>
}}
| relatives     = [[Leslie Iwerks]] (granddaughter)
| signature     = Ub Iwerks Signature.png
}}
'''Ub Iwerks''' ({{IPAc-en|ʌ|b|_|ˈ|aɪ|w|ɜr|k|s}} {{respell|ub|_|EYE|wurks}}; born '''Ubbe Ert Iwwerks''',{{sfn |Iwerks |Kenworthy |2001 |p=1-2}} March 24, 1901&nbsp;– July 7, 1971) was an American animator, cartoonist, film director, film producer, character designer, inventor, and special effects technician. He was known for his early work with [[Walt Disney]], especially for having worked on the creation of [[Mickey Mouse]] and [[Oswald the Lucky Rabbit]], among other characters.

Iwerks and Disney met in 1919 while working at an art studio in [[Kansas City, Missouri|Kansas City]]. After briefly working as illustrators for a local newspaper company, they ventured into animation together. Iwerks joined Disney as chief animator on the [[Laugh-O-Gram]] shorts series beginning in 1922, but a studio bankruptcy would cause Disney to relocate to [[Los Angeles]] in 1923. In the new studio, Iwerks continued to work with Disney on the ''[[Alice Comedies]]'' as well as the creation of [[Oswald the Lucky Rabbit]]. One of Iwerks's most long-lasting contributions to animation was a refined version of a sketch drawn by Disney that would later go on to become [[Mickey Mouse]]. Iwerks was responsible for much of the animation for the early Mickey Mouse and ''[[Silly Symphony]]'' cartoons, including ''[[Steamboat Willie]]'', ''[[The Skeleton Dance]]'' and ''[[The Haunted House (1929 film)|The Haunted House]]'', before a falling out with Disney led to Iwerks's resignation from the studio in January 1930.

Following his separation with Disney, Iwerks, operating under Animated Pictures Inc. (generally referred to as the [[Iwerks Studio]]), created the characters [[Flip the Frog]] and [[Willie Whopper]] series as part of a contract with [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]], but the new studio failed to rival its competitors. An independent series of [[Cinecolor]] ''[[ComiColor Cartoons]]'' were also not successful in the long term. Iwerks later directed two ''[[Looney Tunes]]'' cartoon shorts for [[Leon Schlesinger Productions]] and over a dozen ''[[Color Rhapsody]]'' cartoons for [[Screen Gems]] from his studio as contract work before joining Disney again in 1940. As head of Disney's Special Processes and Camera department, Iwerks develops [[visual effects]] processes on productions such as ''[[Song of the South]]'' (1946), ''[[Mary Poppins (film)|Mary Poppins]]'' (1964), and even [[Alfred Hitchcock]]'s ''[[The Birds (film)|The Birds]]'' (1963). He also adapted the [[xerography]] process to be able to [[photocopy]] animation pencil drawings onto [[animation cel]]s and contributed technical solutions to Disney's WED Enterprises group (now [[Walt Disney Imagineering]]) for [[Disneyland]], [[Walt Disney World]], and [[1964 New York World's Fair|1964 World's Fair]] attractions.

Iwerks had two children, [[Don Iwerks|Donald Warren Iwerks]] and David Lee Iwerks, with his wife Mildred Sarah Henderson. Iwerks died of a heart attack in [[Burbank, California]], in 1971 at age 70. Iwerks was posthumously named a [[Disney Legend]] in 1989. His likeness has been featured in his granddaughter [[Leslie Iwerks]]'s 1999 documentary ''The Hand Behind the Mouse: The Ub Iwerks Story'' as well as the 2014 feature film ''[[Walt Before Mickey]]'', in which he is portrayed by [[Armando Gutierrez]]. Iwerks received three nominations at the [[Academy Awards]], for which he won two. He also posthumously received the [[Winsor McCay Award]] at the 1978 [[Annie Awards]] and the Hall of Fame award at the 2017 [[Visual Effects Society Awards]]. Iwerks is considered one of the greatest animators of all time.

== Early life ==
Iwerks was born Ubbe Ert Iwwerks in [[Kansas City, Missouri]].{{sfn |Lenburg |1993 |p=[https://archive.org/details/greatcartoondire00lenb/page/24/mode/2up 25]}} His father, Ert Ubbén Iwwerks, was born in the village of [[Uttum]] in [[East Frisia]] (northwest Germany, today part of the municipality of [[Krummhörn]]) and immigrated to the United States in 1869 around the age of 14.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ub Iwerks {{!}} American Animator and Special-Effects Technician |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ub-Iwerks |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910084220/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ub-Iwerks |archive-date=September 10, 2017 |access-date=December 26, 2021 |website=[[Britannica.com]] |language=en}}</ref> The elder Iwwerks, who worked as a barber, had abandoned several previous wives and children. When Ub Iwerks was a teenager, his father abandoned him as well, forcing the boy to drop out of school and work to support his mother. Iwerks despised his father and never spoke of or saw him again; upon learning that he had died, he reportedly said, "Throw him in a ditch."{{sfn |Iwerks |Kenworthy |2001 |p=134}} Years later, when Iwerks's son Don asked about his grandfather, Ub stopped Don, telling him "We don't talk about that."<ref name="Iwerks 1999">{{cite AV media |last=Iwerks |first=Leslie |author-link=Leslie Iwerks |title=Hand Behind the Mouse: The Ub Iwerks Story |publisher=[[Walt Disney Pictures]]}}</ref>

Ub Iwerks attended Ashland Grammar School, graduating in 1914.{{sfn |Lenburg |1993 |p=[https://archive.org/details/greatcartoondire00lenb/page/24/mode/2up 25]}}  Ub's full name, Ubbe Ert Iwwerks, can be seen on early ''[[Alice Comedies]]'' that he signed. After moving to [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]] in 1924, he began simplifying his name to "Ub Iwerks", sometimes written as "U.B. Iwerks"{{efn|For example in the opening credits of ''[[Little Black Sambo (film)|Little Black Sambo]]'' (1935)}}, and legally changed his name to "Ub Iwerks" in 1926.{{sfn |Iwerks |Kenworthy |2001 |p=30}}

==Career==
===Early work with Walt Disney (1919–1926)===
Iwerks spent most of his career working with or for [[Walt Disney]]. The two met in 1919 while working for the Pesmen-Rubin Art Studio in Kansas City,{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=46}} and eventually started their own commercial art business together.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |pp=47–50}} Disney and Iwerks then found work as illustrators for the Kansas City Slide Newspaper Company{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=50}} (which was later named The Kansas City Film Ad Company).{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=56}} While working for the Kansas City Film Ad Company, Disney decided to take up work in animation,{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=58}} and Iwerks soon joined him.

At Kansas City Film Ad, Iwerks displayed what became a life-long devotion to mechanics and invention. To make [[Traditional_animation#Camera|the process of photographing the animation drawings]] more efficient, Iwerks attached a motor drive to the [[animation camera]] with a switch that resembled a telegraph key. This allowed the camera to operated by a single seated person who could both photograph the drawings and switch out and adjust the drawings - without requiring a second person to stand and work the camera.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Burnes |first1=Av Brian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JEjSDvkp7OUC&dq=%22Ub+streamlined+the+process%22&pg=PA79 |title=Walt Disney's Missouri: The Roots of a Creative Genius |last2=Viets |first2=Dan |last3=Butler |first3=Robert W. |year=2002 |publisher=Kansas City Star Books |isbn=9780971708068 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>

[[File:Trolley Troubles (1927) Title Card.jpg|thumb|The title card for ''[[Trolley Troubles]]'' (1927), animated by Iwerks]]

In 1922, when Disney began his [[Laugh-O-Gram Studio|Laugh-O-Gram]] cartoon series, Iwerks joined him as chief animator. The studio went bankrupt, however, and in 1923 Iwerks followed Disney's move to Los Angeles to work with Walt and his brother [[Roy O. Disney|Roy]] on a new series of cartoons known as the ''[[Alice Comedies]]''. The ''Alice'' shorts featured a live-action little girl (portrayed by [[Virginia Davis]] and later [[Anne Shirley (actress)|Dawn O'Day (Anne Shirley)]] and Margie Gay) superimposed into an animated cartoon world. The shorts, produced for [[Margaret Winkler]] of [[Screen Gems|M.J. Winkler Productions]] (later Winkler Pictures), proved popular enough to remain in production through 1926.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=135-151}}

===Oswald and Mickey Mouse (1927–1929)===
After the end of the ''Alice'' series, Disney asked Iwerks to design a new character who would star in all-animated - and lower-budgeted - cartoon shorts.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=168-174}} Winkler Pictures had been taken over in 1924 by Margaret Winkler's husband, [[Charles Mintz]], who had contracted to provide a cartoon series for release through [[Universal Pictures]].{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=168-174}} Disney asked Iwerks to design the character who became [[Oswald the Lucky Rabbit]].{{sfn |Apgar |2015 |pp=[https://archive.org/details/mickeymouseemble0000apga/page/34/mode/2up 34]–[https://archive.org/details/mickeymouseemble0000apga/page/36/mode/2up 37], [https://archive.org/details/mickeymouseemble0000apga/page/60/mode/2up 61]}} The first ''Oswald'' cartoon to be completed was ''[[Poor Papa]]'' animated entirely by Iwerks and featuring a heavyset and middle-aged version of Oswald.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=168-174}} Universal, who would own full rights to the prospective character, rejected ''Poor Papa'' and Mintz and Disney had Iwerks design a younger, thinner version of the character.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=168-174}} ''[[Trolley Troubles]]'', featuring the redesigned Oswald, became the first cartoon in the series to be released, in September 1927.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=168-174}}

In February 1928, Walt Disney requested a budget increase for the ''Oswalds'' from Charles Mintz, who reejected the request and then informed the stunned Disney that he had secretly hired away most of Disney's animators to make ''Oswald''s directly for Winkler Pictures instead.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=175-206}} These animators included [[Hugh Harman]], [[Rudolf Ising]], and [[Friz Freleng]], all of whom had also followed Iwerks and Disney from Kansas City to Los Angeles. Only Iwerks and a small handful of other holdouts - [[Les Clark]], [[Wilfred Jackson]], Johnny Cannon - had remained loyal to Disney and refused to sign with Mintz.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=175-206}} A stunned and angry Walt Disney vowed to never again work with a character he did not own.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=175-206}}

Disney asked Iwerks to start drawing up new character ideas - in secret, as the defecting animators would not leave for the new Winkler studio until May 1928. Iwerks tried sketches of frogs, dogs, and cats, but none of these appealed to Disney.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=175-206}} Mice characters had turned up periodically in the ''Alice'' and ''Oswald'' shorts, [[Hugh Harman]], one the animators who had just defected to Mintz, had drawn some sketches of mice around a photograph of Walt Disney back in 1925.{{sfn |Iwerks |Kenworthy |2001 |p=54}}{{sfn |Apgar |2015 |p=[https://archive.org/details/mickeymouseemble0000apga/page/76/mode/2up 76]}}{{sfn |Apgar |2015 |pp=[https://archive.org/details/mickeymouseemble0000apga/page/80/mode/2up 80–81]}} With additional inspiration from the work of ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'' magazine cartoonist Clifton Meek,<ref>{{harvnb|Gabler |2006 |p=184}}: "The real inspiration for centralizing the mouse in the cartoons and the model for his rough design, according to several of Walt’s associates, including Iwerks, were the drawings of Clifton Meek, whose work ran regularly in the popular humor magazines Life and Judge, which Walt, Roy, and Iwerks were riffling through at the time. 'I grew up with those drawings,' Walt told an interviewer. 'They were different from ours—but they had cute ears.'"</ref> who'd drawn mice characters since the 1910s, Iwerks and Disney worked out a series of sketches that evolved into the character that would be named [[Mickey Mouse]].{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=175-206}} Iwerks drew the final designs the character, who resembled Oswald with round mouse ears instead of rabbit ears,{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=175-206}} and animated the first ''Mickey Mouse'' cartoon, ''[[Plane Crazy]]'', by himself - mostly in secret behind a locked office door until Harman and the other animators left for Winkler.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=175-206}}

[[File:Excerpt from Steamboat Willie (1928), used as part of Walt Disney Animation Studios Logo.gif|thumb|right|Excerpt of ''[[Steamboat Willie]]'' (1928), one of the first few Mickey Mouse shorts, which was animated almost entirely by Iwerks]]

As with Oswald, ''Plane Crazy'' was not the first Mickey short to be released, as neither it nor the follow-up, ''[[The Galloping Gaucho]]'', were picked up by a distributor.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=175-206}} With the arrival of [[sound film]]s in the marketplace, Disney and Iwerks designed the third Mickey cartoon, ''[[Steamboat Willie]]'', to be synchronized with music and sound effects.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=175-206}} Both the needed sound equipment and film distribution were provided by [[Pat Powers (businessman)|Pat Powers]], an veteran film impresario looking for an market for his Powers Cinephone [[sound-on-film]] system (actually an unlicensed clone of [[Lee DeForest]]'s [[Phonofilm]] system).{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=189}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kamp |first=Claudy Op den |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_History_of_Intellectual_Property_in_50/nwiKDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=pat+powers+lee+deforest&pg=PA173&printsec=frontcover |title=A History of Intellectual Property in 50 Objects |last2=Hunter |first2=Dan |date=June 20, 2019 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-108-42001-3 |pages=173  |language=en}}</ref> Credited as "A Walt Disney Comic by Ub Iwerks," ''Steamboat Willie'' was released in November 1928 and made Mickey Mouse an immediate sensation.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=175-206}}

Several of the other early Disney sound cartoons were animated almost entirely by Iwerks. These included ''Plane Crazy,'' ''Steamboat Willie'', ''[[The Haunted House (1929 film)|The Haunted House]]'', and the inaugural ''Silly Symphony'' short, ''[[The Skeleton Dance]]''.{{sfn |Maltin |1987 |p=189}} As both adapted and original music became more integral to the Disney cartoons, [[Carl W. Stalling]], an acquaintance of Iwerks and Disney from Kansas City, was hired as music director.{{sfn|Barrier|2003|p=51}}

===Break from Disney (1929–1930)===
Across 1929, Iwerks became increasingly resentful of Disney's leadership{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=143-144, 226-232}} and felt his contributions to the success of Mickey Mouse were under-appreciated.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=143-144, 226-232}} At a party, a child requested that Disney draw Mickey Mouse on a napkin, and Disney handed the pen to Iwerks, saying, "Why don't you draw Mickey and I'll sign it?" An enraged Iwerks snapped "Draw your own Mickey!" and stormed off.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=228}}{{sfn |Iwerks |Kenworthy |2001 |pp=83-84}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Not! |first=Ripley's Believe It or |title=Wonderfully Weird Facts You Want To Know About Walt Disney |url=https://lethbridgenewsnow.com/2020/08/18/wonderfully-weird-facts-you-want-to-know-about-walt-disney/ |access-date=May 7, 2023 |website=Lethbridge News Now |language=en}}</ref> When Charles Giegerich, an associate of Pat Powers, surreptitiously approached Iwerks in September 1929 with an offer to started his own studio, Iwerks eventually accepted.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=226-237}} <ref>{{Cite book |last1=Kaufman |first1=J.B. |title=Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse: The Ultimate History |last2=Gerstein |first2=David |date=2018 |publisher=Taschen |isbn=978-3-8365-5284-4 |location=Cologne |page=53}}</ref> At the time Iwerks signed with Powers in January 1930, Powers was still distributing the ''Mickey Mouse'' cartoons,{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=226-237}} and had arranged distribution of the ''Silly Symphonies'' through [[Columbia Pictures]].{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=226-237}} However, his dealings with the Disney brothers had become increasingly tense and he decided to deal directly with Iwerks instead.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=226-237}}

Iwerks waited until January 21, 1930 - after Walt Disney had gone to New York to meet with Powers over financial disputes - to both tender his resignation to Roy Disney instead,{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=226-237}} and to inform him of his new side deal with Powers.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=226-237}} The Iwerks deal and resignation triggered a business crisis that resulted in several months of acrimonious negotiations and business disputes.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=226-237}} Upon learning that Iwerks was leaving, music director Carl Stalling resigned as well, later joining Iwerks at his new studio.{{sfn|Barrier|2003|p=64}}

The situation was eventually settled by May 1930, with Columbia paying Powers to assume distribution of the ''Mickey Mouse'' shorts and Powers negotiating a deal with [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]] (MGM) for Iwerks' new studio.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=226-237}} Roy Disney bought back Iwerks' 20% interest in Walt Disney Productions as part of his exit from the company.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=226-237}} The last Mickey Mouse cartoon Iwerks directed and animated on was ''[[Wild Waves]]'' (1929), and his final Disney film as a director was the ''Silly Symphony'' ''[[Autumn (1930 film)|Autumn]]'' (1930).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ryan, Jeff |title=A Mouse Divided: How Ub Iwerks Became Forgotten, and Walt Disney Became Uncle Walt |publisher=Post Hill Press |year=2018 |isbn=978-1-68261-628-4 |pages=181, 184}}</ref>  He also penciled the first strips of the [[Mickey Mouse (comic strip)|''Mickey Mouse'' comic strip]].<ref>[https://www.dailycartoonist.com/index.php/2020/01/13/90-years-ago-mickey-mouse-comic-strip-debuts/ 90 Years Ago – Mickey Mouse Comic Strip Debuts]</ref>

===Iwerks Studio (Animated Pictures Corp./Cartoon Films Ltd.)===
{{main article|Iwerks Studio}}
====''Flip the Frog'', ''Willie Whopper'', and ''ComicColor Cartoons''====
[[Iwerks Studio|Ub Iwerks' studio, Animated Pictures Corp.]], opened in 1930.<ref name="IwerksDisneyNewAnim">{{Cite book |last=Barrier |first=Michael |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Hollywood_Cartoons/xt5k08yuAXIC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=michael+barrier+hollywood+cartoons&printsec=frontcover |title=Hollywood Cartoons: American Animation in Its Golden Age |date=November 6, 2003 |year=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-983922-3 |pages=63-80 |language=en}}</ref> Financial backers led by Pat Powers suspected that Iwerks was responsible for much of Disney's early success.<ref name="IwerksDisneyNewAnim" /> However, while animation for a time suffered at Disney from Iwerks's departure, it soon rebounded as Disney veterans such as Les Clark, Wilfred Jackson, and New York imports [[Norm Ferguson (animator)|Norm Ferguson]] and [[Burt Gillett]] were joined by new recruits such as [[Art Babbitt]] and [[Fred Moore (animator)|Fred Moore]].<ref name="IwerksDisneyNewAnim" />

Despite a contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) to distribute his cartoons, and the introduction of new characters [[Flip the Frog]] and [[Willie Whopper]], the Iwerks Studio was never a major commercial success and failed to rival either Disney or [[Fleischer Studios]]. Newly hired animator Fred Kopietz recommended that Iwerks employ a friend from Chouinard Art School, [[Chuck Jones]], who was hired and put to work as a cel washer.{{sfn |Maltin |1987 |p=191}} Iwerks also lured Fleischer animators such as [[Grim Natwick]], [[Shamus Culhane]], [[Al Eugster]], and [[Rudy Zamora]] from New York to Los Angeles to work for his studio.{{sfn |Maltin |1987 |p=191}}

The ''Flip the Frog'' cartoons, which lasted from 1930 to 1933, became Iwerks's most famous work<ref name=korkis/> outside of animating Mickey Mouse.<ref name="Fiddlesticks">{{Cite web |last=Marks |first=Scott |date=May 19, 2016 |title=Fiddlesticks Flips Flip in First Color Cartoon |url=https://www.sandiegoreader.com/news/2016/may/19/screen-fiddlesticks-flips-flip-first-color-cartoon/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502182312/https://www.sandiegoreader.com/news/2016/may/19/screen-fiddlesticks-flips-flip-first-color-cartoon/ |archive-date=May 2, 2022 |access-date=May 2, 2022 |website=San Diego Reader}}</ref> ''[[Fiddlesticks (1930 film)|Fiddlesticks]]'', the first ''Flip'' short, was also the first individual sound cartoon short released in color<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cyrenne |first=Randall |title=Flip The Frog: The Complete Series – Animated Views |url=https://animatedviews.com/2023/flip-the-frog-the-complete-series/ |access-date=2026-01-21 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Robertson">{{cite book|last1=Robertson|first1=Patrick|title=Robertson's Book of Firsts|date=2011|publisher=Bloomsbury|location=London|isbn=9781608197385|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2TEEaCrPiWsC|accessdate=May 24, 2017}}</ref> ([[Walter Lantz]]'s animated segment for ''[[King of Jazz]]'' earlier in 1930 was the first sound color animation to be released.)<ref name="Fiddlesticks" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=March 23, 2017 |title=Fiddlesticks (1930) |url=https://www.jbkaufman.com/movie-of-the-month/fiddlesticks-1930 |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=J.B. Kaufman |language=en}}</ref>

Once the ''Flip'' series fell out of popularity by 1933, it was replaced by the ''Willie Whopper'' cartoons, which failed to catch on.{{sfn|Barrier|2003|p=167, 188}} MGM ended its contract with Iwerks in 1934 and instead contracted with Hugh Harman & Rudolf Ising's [[Harman and Ising|Harman-Ising Productions]] to produce a new color series of ''[[Happy Harmonies]]'' cartoons.{{sfn|Barrier|2003|p=167, 188}} The ''Flip the Frog'' and ''Willie Whopper'' cartoons were later distributed on the home-movie market in [[8 mm film|8 mm]] and [[16 mm film|16 mm]] prints by [[Official Films]] in the 1940s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hunt for FLIP THE FROG Begins! {{!}} |url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/the-hunt-for-flip-the-frog-begins/ |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=cartoonresearch.com}}</ref>

[[File:Sinbadthesailor01.jpg|thumb|upright|''[[Sinbad the Sailor (1935 film)|Sinbad the Sailor]]'', a 1935 ComiColor cartoon]]
From 1933 to 1936, Iwerks produced a series of shorts using the two-strip [[Cinecolor]] process under the title ''[[ComiColor Cartoons]]''. These shorts were released by Pat Powers through Celebrity Pictures. The ComiColor series mostly focused on fairy tales with no continuing character or star. Iwerks also experimented with stop-motion animation in combination with the [[multiplane camera]], and made a short called ''The Toy Parade'', which was never released in public.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Telotte |first=J. P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LEy50gAEhpgC&dq=unreleased+film+Toy+Parade&pg=PA62 |title=The Mouse Machine: Disney and Technology |year=2008 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |isbn=9780252033278 |author-link=Jay Telotte |via=Google Books}}</ref>

The ''Flip the Frog'' and ''Willie Whopper'' cartoons were later distributed on the home-movie market in [[8 mm film|8 mm]] and [[16 mm film|16 mm]] prints by [[Official Films]] in the 1940s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hunt for FLIP THE FROG Begins! {{!}} |url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/the-hunt-for-flip-the-frog-begins/ |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=cartoonresearch.com}}</ref> The ''ComiColor'' cartoons received home-movie distribution through [[Castle Films]] and later [[Blackhawk Films]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Little Boy Blue: Using a Cinecolor Print for Color Reference {{!}} |url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/little-boy-blue-using-a-cinecolor-print-for-color-reference/ |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=cartoonresearch.com}}</ref>

In 1936, Pat Powers began working out a contract for a new series of cartoons based on the ''[[Reg'lar Fellers]]'' comic strip about a group of neighborhood kids. Powers wanted Iwerks to either move his studio to New York or allow Powers to set up a satellite studio in New York for the series;<ref name="UbMovesAlong" /> when Iwerks declined, Powers and Iwerks parted company and the Celebrity Productions backers withdrew their financial support from Animated Pictures.<ref name="UbMovesAlong" /> Only one ''Reg'lar Fellers'' cartoon, the ''ComiColor'' short ''[[Happy Days (1936 film)|Happy Days]]'', was completed and released.<ref name="UbMovesAlong" />

====Contract work and ''Gran'Pop Monkey''====
The Iwerks studio continued on by doing advertising films and contract work for other animation studios.<ref name="CRGM">{{Cite web |title=“Beauty Shoppe” (1940) with Gran’ Pop Monkey {{!}} |url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/beauty-shoppe-gran-pop-monkey-and-cartoon-films-ltd/ |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=cartoonresearch.com}}</ref> In early 1937, [[Warner Bros. Cartoons|Leon Schlesinger Productions]] contracted Iwerks to produce four ''[[Looney Tunes]]'' shorts starring [[Porky Pig]] and [[Gabby Goat]].<ref name="UbMovesAlong" /> Iwerks began the project with his own crew working from Schlesinger staff storyboards,{{sfn|Barrier|2003|p=342}} but when production fell behind, Schlesinger assigned [[Bob Clampett]], [[Chuck Jones]], and [[Robert "Bobe" Cannon|Robert Cannon]] to report to the Beverly Hills Animated Pictures offices and help bolster the Iwerks staff.{{sfn |Iwerks |Kenworthy |2001 |p=139-140}}

While Iwerks completed direction on the first two shorts, ''[[Porky and Gabby]]'' and ''[[Porky's Super Service]]'', he quit the project during production of the third, ''[[Porky's Badtime Story]]''. He had reportedly grown frustrated with the Porky Pig character,{{sfn |Iwerks |Kenworthy |2001 |p=139-140}} and stopped reporting to work at his studio. Clampett, who'd resented both the Iwerks assignment and not being able to direct, took over direction of the short himself.{{sfn |Iwerks |Kenworthy |2001 |p=139-140}}<ref name="1970BClampett">{{Cite magazine |last=Barrier |first=Michael |date=1970 |title=An Interview with Bob Clampett |url=http://www.michaelbarrier.com/Funnyworld/Clampett/interview_bob_clampett.htm |access-date=January 24, 2026 |magazine=Funnyworld |page=12 |volume=1 |issue=12 |quote=Ub made a couple of pictures, and then one Monday morning when I walked in they told me, 'Ub’s gone. You’re the director now.' I had to sit down at Ub’s desk, in Ub’s chair, with Ub’s stopwatch, to make my first cartoon. All of Ub’s old staff were looking at me like, 'What the blazes are you doing sitting in Ub’s chair?' I felt the same way, because we all revered him. |archive-date=March 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190307070656/http://www.michaelbarrier.com/Funnyworld/Clampett/interview_bob_clampett.htm |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Only one more cartoon, ''[[Get Rich Quick Porky]]'', was made by Clampett, with assistance from Jones, at Iwerks before he and his co-workers were returned to the main Schlesinger lot and Clampett was given his own unit.{{sfn|Barrier|2003|p=342}}.{{sfn |Iwerks |Kenworthy |2001 |p=139-140}}<ref name="UbMovesAlong" />

Iwerks also did contract work for [[Columbia Pictures]]' [[Screen Gems]] cartoon division. Between 1936 and 1940, fifteen of the Screen Gems ''[[Color Rhapsody]]'' were produced and directed by Iwerks with his facilities and staff.<ref name="UbMovesAlong">{{Cite web |last=Yowp |date=August 21, 2021 |title=Tralfaz: Ub Moves Along |url=https://tralfaz.blogspot.com/2021/08/ub-moves-along.html |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=Tralfaz}}</ref>

In 1937, Iwerks worked out an arrangement with British producer and financier [[Lawson Harris]] to reorganize his animation studio.<ref name="REORG">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/filmdailyyearboo00film_6/page/718/ |title=Year Book of Motion Pictures |publisher=The Film Daily |year=1938 |editor-last=Alicoate |editor-first=Jack |edition=20th |location=New York |pages=718 |access-date=October 15, 2025 |archive-url=https://archive.org/details/filmdailyyearboo00film_6/ |archive-date=October 30, 2014}}</ref>  Now known as Cartoon Films Limited,<ref name="REORG" /> Iwerks was named vice-president and continued his contract work for Screen Gems while also attempting to launch one final self-produced series, ''Gran'pop Monkey.'' Based upon the work of British cartoonist [[Lawson Wood]], three ''Gran'Pop Monkey'' cartoons were made in 1938. Intended for release through [[Educational Pictures]],<ref>{{Cite news |date=December 24, 1938 |title=Grand National Returns to Deal With Warner: To Make 32 |url=https://archive.org/details/motionpictureher133unse/page/n663/ |archive-url=https://archive.org/details/motionpictureher133unse/ |archive-date=August 14, 2014 |access-date=October 15, 2025 |work=Motion Picture Herald |publisher=Quigley Pub. Co. |location=New York, N.Y. |pages=44 |volume=133 |issue=13}}</ref> the films were instead released through [[Monogram Pictures]] after Educational experience financial problems of its own.<ref name=":4">[https://archive.org/details/exhibitorjunnov126jaye/page/n801/mode/2up?q=monogram The Exhibitor (August 1941)]</ref>

By 1939, Iwerks had ceded most of the creative supervision and directorial duties to Paul Fennell, and was supplementing his income by teaching animation at an area vocational school.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=579}} The following year, Iwerks was offered an opportunity to return to Disney and resigned From Cartoon Films on September 9, 1940, and Harris and Fennell continued production at Cartoon Films Ltd. on their own through 1943.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/filmdailyyearboo00film_11/page/539/ |title=Year Book of Motion Pictures |publisher=The Film Daily |year=1942 |editor-last=Alicoate |editor-first=Jack |edition=24th |location=New York |pages=539 |access-date=October 15, 2025 |archive-url=https://archive.org/details/filmdailyyearboo00film_11/ |archive-date=June 29, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Stanchfield |first=Steve |date=January 3, 2019 |title="Six Legged Saboteurs" (1943) |url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/six-legged-saboteurs-1943/ |access-date=October 15, 2025 |website=Cartoon Research}}</ref>

=== Visual effects supervision at Disney (1940–1964) ===
[[Ben Sharpsteen]], who had worked under Iwerks when he first came to the Disney studio in 1929, was by 1940 general manager of the Disney studio.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=579-580}} He hired Iwerks back to Disney in August 1940 as an animation checker after hearing of Iwerks' financial struggles.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=579-580}} Iwerks reconciled with Walt Disney over lunch, and after learning Iwerks was more interested in working on mechanical processes than working directly in animation, Disney assigned Iwerks to work on the development of a new [[visual effects]] optical camera.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=579-580}}{{sfn |Maltin |1987 |p=198}}

In December 1945, Iwerks became the head of the Special Processes and Camera department at Disney.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=680}} His refined optical camera processes for combining two pieces of Technicolor film (often to combine live-action footage with animation, but also to [[compositing|composite]] pieces of live-action film as well) were used at Disney on films such ''[[Song of the South]]'' (1946), ''[[So Dear to My Heart]]'' (1949), and ''[[The Parent Trap (1961 film)|The Parent Trap]]'' (1961). Iwerks and his team at Disney would continue to refine these processes for decades, and Iwerks was given a 1960 [[Academy Award for Technical Achievement]] for his improved optical printer and matte process.{{sfn |Maltin |1987 |p=198}}

Iwerks and his team also spent years adapting the [[Xerography|xerographic]] process for cel animation, in order to directly [[photocopying|photocopy]] animators' pencil drawings to [[animation cel]]s, speeding up the animation process by minimizing the need to trace each drawing from paper to celluloid by hand via the "[[Traditional animation#Ink and paint|inking]]" stage.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=1006-1008}}{{sfn|Barrier|2003|p=565-567}} First used in primitive form for ''[[Fantasia (1940 film)|Fantasia]]'' (1940),{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=1006-1008}} Iwerks developed a variety of patents for applying xerography for  [[Xerography#Uses in animation|use in animation]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=USPTO Search Results for Iwerks and Xerographic. |url=https://ppubs.uspto.gov/pubwebapp/static/pages/ppubsbasic.html}}</ref> The matured animation xerography process was first used in the climax of ''[[Sleeping Beauty (1959 film)|Sleeping Beauty]]'' (1959) before being used for most of the animation for ''[[One Hundred and One Dalmatians]]'' (1961). Xerography quickly became a standard procedure for the animation industry due to its cost-savings.{{sfn|Barrier|2003|p=565-567}}<ref name=korkis/> He also did work for WED Enterprises, now [[Walt Disney Imagineering]], helping to develop many Disney theme park attractions during the 1960s.{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=946, 969}}

Iwerks's last major work for a Disney film was the further improvements of his visual effects processes for ''[[Mary Poppins (film)|Mary Poppins]]''. This included the purchase and re-development{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=977}} of the sodium vapor screen filming process (informally referred to as "[[chroma key|yellowscreen]]," despite being a different process from [[chroma key]]) to achieve improved visual effects compositing quality in scenes from [[Dick Van Dyke]]'s "[[Jolly Holiday]]"  dance with cartoon penguins to the "[[Feed the Birds]]" sequence.<ref name=korkis/><ref name="MPAHitch">{{Cite web |last=babrams |date=March 28, 2013 |title=On the 50th Anniversary of The Birds, the Story of how a Disney Animator Helped Hitchcock fly |url=https://www.motionpictures.org/2013/03/on-the-50th-anniversary-of-the-birds-the-story-of-how-a-disney-animator-helped-hitchcock-fly/ |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=Motion Picture Association |language=en-US}}</ref>

While developing the sodium screen process for ''Poppins'', Iwerks was tapped by [[Alfred Hitchcock]] to supervise the special effects for his 1963 film ''[[The Birds (film)|The Birds]]''.<ref name="Cinefantastique-Counts-Birds">{{Cite news |last1=Counts |first1=Kyle B. |last2=Rubin |first2=Steve |date=Fall 1980 |title=The Making of Alfred Hitchcock's The Birds |volume=10 |work=[[Cinefantastique]] |issue=2 |url=https://the.hitchcock.zone/wiki/Cinemafantastique_(1980)_-_The_Making_of_Alfred_Hitchcock's_The_Birds |url-status=live |access-date=March 7, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307154006/https://the.hitchcock.zone/wiki/Cinemafantastique_%281980%29_-_The_Making_of_Alfred_Hitchcock%27s_The_Birds |archive-date=March 7, 2022}}</ref><ref name="MPAHitch" /> Many of the visual effects shots for ''The Birds'' were devised and filmed by Iwerks at the Disney studio,<ref name="MPAHitch" /> and Iwerks was nominated for the 1964 [[Academy Award for Best Visual Effects]]. For his work on Mary Poppins, Iwerks and his team were awarded a second Academy Award for Technical Achievement in 1965.{{sfn |Maltin |1987 |p=198}}

== Personal life and death ==
Iwerks had two children with his wife, Mildred (née Henderson): [[Don Iwerks|Donald]] and David.  Donald went on to work for the Walt Disney company and to found [[SimEx-Iwerks|Iwerks Entertainment]]. His granddaughter is documentary film producer [[Leslie Iwerks]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1fAv0NL2Ezc|title=Untold with Leslie Iwerks|publisher=[[Disney]]|via=[[YouTube]]|language=en-US|url-status=bot: unknown|date=May 12, 2020|access-date=July 22, 2023|archive-date=July 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722134724/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1fAv0NL2Ezc}}</ref>  David Iwerks became a portrait photographer.<ref name="hollywood-studio-magazine-1966-11">{{Cite web |date=November 1966 |title=Dave Iwerks Catches Great in the Eye of His Perceptive Camera |url=https://archive.org/details/hollywood-studio-magazine-1966-11 |access-date=March 7, 2022 |website=Hollywood Studio Magazine |publisher=San Fernando Valley Pub. Co. |quote=via: archive.org |location=Sherman Oaks, CA}}</ref><ref name="loc-93511088">{{Cite web |last=Iwerks |first=David Lee |title=John F. Kennedy, Head-and-Shoulders Portrait, Facing Slightly Left |url=https://www.loc.gov/item/93511088/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307135004/https://www.loc.gov/item/93511088/ |archive-date=March 7, 2022 |access-date=March 7, 2022 |website=Library of Congress}}</ref>

Iwerks died on July 7, 1971 from a [[heart attack]] in [[Burbank, California]], aged 70, and his ashes are interred in a niche in the Columbarium of Remembrance at [[Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)|Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Hollywood Hills Cemetery]]. The last project he worked on was the [[Hall of Presidents]].<ref name=korkis/><ref>{{Cite news |last=Spry |first=Jeff |date=February 1, 2020 |title=The Son of Mickey Mouse's Co-Creator Opens Up the Book on Disney Classics |work=[[Syfy Wire]] |url=https://www.syfy.com/syfy-wire/the-son-of-mickey-mouses-co-creator-opens-up-the-book-on-disney-classics |url-status=live |access-date=May 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502180710/https://www.syfy.com/syfy-wire/the-son-of-mickey-mouses-co-creator-opens-up-the-book-on-disney-classics |archive-date=May 2, 2022}}</ref>

== Influence and tributes ==
The ''Ub Iwerks Award for Technical Achievement'' at the [[Annie Award]]s, the annual awards ceremony for the American animation industry, is named in his honor.

A rare self-portrait of Iwerks was found in a garbage bin at an animation studio in Burbank. The portrait was saved and is now part of the [[ASIFA-Hollywood Animation Archive Project|Animation Archives]] in Burbank, California.

After [[World War II]], much of Iwerks's early animation style was imitated by legendary [[manga]] artists [[Osamu Tezuka]] and [[Shotaro Ishinomori]].{{cn|date=April 2025}}

In 1989, Iwerks was named a [[Disney legend]].

In the 1996 ''[[The Simpsons]]'' episode "[[The Day the Violence Died]]", a relationship similar to Iwerks's early relationship with [[Walt Disney]] is used as the main plot.

A documentary film, ''The Hand Behind the Mouse: The Ub Iwerks Story'', was released in 1999, followed by a book written by Iwerks's granddaughter [[Leslie Iwerks]] and John Kenworthy in 2001. The documentary, created by Leslie Iwerks, was released as part of [[Walt Disney Treasures: Wave Seven|The Walt Disney Treasures, Wave VII series]] (disc two of The Adventures of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit collection).<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hand Behind the Mouse: The Ub Iwerks Story (1999) |url=https://www.waltdisney.org/education/films/hand-behind-mouse-ub-iwerks-story-1999 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308083001/https://www.waltdisney.org/education/films/hand-behind-mouse-ub-iwerks-story-1999 |archive-date=March 8, 2022 |access-date=March 8, 2022 |website=[[The Walt Disney Family Museum]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hand Behind the Mouse: Stories of Ub with Don and Leslie Iwerks |url=https://www.waltdisney.org/education/talks/sold-out-hand-behind-mouse-stories-ub-don-and-leslie-iwerks |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308082959/https://www.waltdisney.org/education/talks/sold-out-hand-behind-mouse-stories-ub-don-and-leslie-iwerks |archive-date=March 8, 2022 |access-date=March 8, 2022 |website=[[The Walt Disney Family Museum]]}}</ref>

A feature film released in 2014, ''[[Walt Before Mickey]]'', showed how Ub Iwerks, portrayed by [[Armando Gutierrez]], and Walt Disney, portrayed by [[Thomas Ian Nicholas]], co-created Mickey Mouse.

The sixth episode from the second season of ''[[Drunk History]]'' ("Hollywood") tells about Ub's work relationship with Disney, with stress on the creation of [[Mickey Mouse]]. Iwerks was portrayed in the episode by [[Tony Hale]].

== Filmography ==
=== 1922 ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Title
!Release date
!Company
!Notes
|-
|''[[Little Red Riding Hood (1922 film)|Little Red Riding Hood]]''
|July 29
| rowspan="7" |[[Laugh-O-Gram Studio|Laugh-O-Grams]]
|
|-
|''The Four Musicians of Bremen''
|August 1
|
|-
|''Jack and the Beanstalk''
|September 4
|
|-
|''Jack the Giant Killer''
|September 12
|
|-
|''Goldie Locks and the Three Bears''
|October 4
|
|-
|''[[Puss in Boots (1922 film)|Puss in Boots]]''
|November 3
|
|-
|''Cinderella''
|December 6
|
|}

=== 1923 ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Title
!Release date
!Company
!Notes
|-
|''[[Alice's Wonderland]]''
|October 16
|Laugh-O-Grams
|
|}

=== 1924 ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Title
!Release date
!Company
!Notes
|-
|''[[Alice's Day at Sea]]''
|March 1
| rowspan="10" |Walt Disney Productions
|
|-
|''[[Alice's Spooky Adventure]]''
|April 1
|
|-
|''Alice's Wild West Show'' 
|May 1
|
|-
|''Alice's Fishy Story''
|June 1
|
|-
|''Alice and the Dog Catcher''
|July 1
|
|-
|''Alice the Peacemaker''
|August 1
|
|-
|''Alice Gets in Dutch''
|November 1
|
|-
|''Alice Hunting in Africa''
|November 15
|
|-
|''Alice and the Three Bears''
|December 1
|
|-
|''Alice the Piper'' 
|December 15
|
|}

=== 1925 ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Title
!Release date
!Company
!Notes
|-
|''Alice Cans the Cannibals''
|January 1
| rowspan="15" |Walt Disney Productions
|
|-
|''[[Alice the Toreador]]''
|January 15
|
|-
|''[[Alice Gets Stung]]''
|February 1 
|
|-
|''[[Alice Solves the Puzzle]]''
|February 15
|
|-
|''Alice's Egg Plant''
|May 17
|
|-
|''Alice Loses Out''
|June 15
|
|-
|''Alice Is Stage Struck''
|June 23 
|
|-
|''Alice Wins the Derby'' 
|July 12
|
|-
|''Alice Picks the Champ''
|July 30
|
|-
|''Alice's Tin Pony'' 
|August 15
|
|-
|''Alice Chops the Suey'' 
|August 30
|
|-
|''Alice the Jail Bird''
|September 15
|
|-
|''Alice Plays Cupid''
|October 15
|
|-
|''Alice Rattled by Rats''
|November 15
|
|-
|''Alice in the Jungle'' 
|December 15
|
|}

=== 1926 ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Title
!Release date
!Company
!Notes
|-
|''Alice on the Farm''
|January 1
| rowspan="15" |Walt Disney Productions
|
|-
|''Alice's Balloon Race''
|January 15
|
|-
|''[[Alice's Orphan]]'' 
|January 15
|
|-
|''Alice's Little Parade''
|February 1
|
|-
|''Alice's Mysterious Mystery''
|February 15
|
|-
|''Alice Charms the Fish''
|September 6
|
|-
|''Alice's Monkey Business''
|September 20
|
|-
|''Alice in Slumberland''
|September 29
|
|-
|''Alice in the Wooly West''
|October 4
|
|-
|''Alice the Fire Fighter''
|October 18
|
|-
|''Alice Cuts the Ice'' 
|November 1
|
|-
|''Alice Helps the Romance''
|November 15
|
|-
|''Alice's Spanish Guitar''
|November 29
|
|-
|''Alice's Brown Derby'' 
|December 13
|
|-
|''Alice the Lumberjack''
|December 27
|
|}

=== 1927 ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Title
!Release date
!Company
!Notes
|-
|''Alice the Golf Bug''
|January 10
| rowspan="25" |Walt Disney Productions
|
|-
|''Alice Foils the Pirates''
|January 24
|
|-
|''Alice at the Carnival'' 
|February 7
|
|-
|''Alice at the Rodeo''
|February 21
|
|-
|''Alice the Collegiate''
|March 7
|
|-
|''Alice in the Alps''
|March 21
|
|-
|''Alice's Auto Race''
|April 4
|
|-
|''Alice's Circus Daze''
|April 18
|
|-
|''Alice's Knaughty Knights''
|May 2
|
|-
|''Alice's Three Bad Eggs''
|May 15
|
|-
|''[[Poor Papa]]''
|May 15
|
* The first Oswald The Rabbit short produced by Walt Disney and distributed by Universal Studios.
|-
|''Alice's Picnic''
|May 30
|
|-
|''Alice's Channel Swim''
|June 13
|
|-
|''Alice in the Klondike'' 
|June 27
|
|-
|''Alice's Medicine Show''
|July 11
|
|-
|''Alice the Whaler''
|July 25
|
|-
|''Alice the Beach Nut''
|August 8
|
|-
|''[[Trolley Troubles]]''
|September 5
|
|-
|''[[Oh Teacher (film)|Oh Teacher]]'' 
|September 19
|
|-
|''[[The Mechanical Cow]]''
|October 3
|
|-
|''[[Great Guns!]]''
|October 17
|
|-
|''[[All Wet (1927 film)|All Wet]]''
|October 31
|
|-
|''[[The Ocean Hop]]''
|November 14
|
|-
|''The Banker's Daughter''
|November 28
|
|-
|''Rickety Gin''
|December 26
|
|}

=== 1928 ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Title
!Release date
!Company
!Notes
|-
|''The Ol' Swimming Hole''
|February 6
| rowspan="18" |Walt Disney Productions
|
|-
|''[[Africa Before Dark]]''
|February 20
|
|-
|''Rival Romeos''
|March 5
|
|-
|''[[Bright Lights (1928 film)|Bright Lights]]''
|March 19
|
|-
|''Sagebrush Sadie''
|April 2
|
|-
|''Ride 'Em Plowboy''
|April 16
|
|-
|''Ozzy of the Mounted'' 
|April 30
|
|-
|''[[Hungry Hobos]]''
|May 14
|
|-
|''[[Plane Crazy]]''
|May 15
|
* First Mickey Mouse cartoon ever produced.
|-
|''[[Oh What a Knight]]''
|May 28
|
|-
|''[[The Fox Chase]]''
|June 25
|
|-
|''[[Tall Timber (1928 film)|Tall Timber]]''
|July 9
|
|-
|''[[Sleigh Bells (film)|Sleigh Bells]]''
|July 23
|
|-
|''High Up''
|August 6
|
|-
|''[[The Gallopin' Gaucho]]''
|August 7
|
|-
|''Hot Dogs''
|August 20
|
|-
|''Sky Scrapper''
|September 23
|
|-
|''[[Steamboat Willie]]'' 
|November 18
|* Music composed by [[Wilfred Jackson]] and Burt Lewis.
|}

=== 1929 ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Title
!Release date
!Company
!Notes
|-
|''[[The Barn Dance]]''
|March 14
| rowspan="17" |Walt Disney Productions
|
|-
|''[[The Opry House]]''
|March 28
|
|-
|''[[When the Cat's Away (1929 film)|When the Cat's Away]]''
|April 11
|
|-
|''[[The Barnyard Battle]]'' 
|April 25
|
|-
|''[[The Karnival Kid]]''
|May 23
|
|-
|''[[Mickey's Choo-Choo]]''
|June 20
|
|-
|''[[Mickey's Follies]]''
|June 26
|
|-
|''[[The Plowboy]]''
|June 28
|
|-
|''[[The Jazz Fool]]''
|July 5
|
|-
|''[[Wild Waves]]''
|August 15
|
|-
|''[[The Skeleton Dance]]''
|August 29
|
* The first "[[Silly Symphony]]"
|-
|''[[El Terrible Toreador]]''
|September 26
|
|-
|''[[Springtime (1929 film)|Springtime]]''
|October 24
|
|-
|''[[Jungle Rhythm]]''
|November 15
|
|-
|''[[Hell's Bells (film)|Hell's Bells]]''
|November 21
|
|-
|''[[The Haunted House (1929 film)|The Haunted House]]''
|December 2
|
|-
|''[[The Merry Dwarfs]]'' 
|December 19
|
|}

=== 1930 ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Title
!Release date
!Series
!Notes
|-
|''[[Fiddlesticks (1930 film)|Fiddlesticks]]''
|August 16
| rowspan="6" |[[Flip the Frog]]
|
* First Flip the Frog cartoon
* Filmed in both two-strip [[Harriscolor]], but widely released in B/W
|-
|''Little Orphan Willie''
|October 18
| rowspan="2" |Filmed in both two-strip Harriscolor, but only intact in B/W
|-
|''Flying Fists''
|September 6
|-
|''The Village Barber''
|September 27
|First non-woodland cartoon
|-
|''The Cuckoo Murder Case''
|October 18
|
* First Halloween-themed cartoon
|-
|''Puddle Pranks''
|December
|
* Final woodland-themed cartoon
* This and ''Little Orphan Willie'' were never copyrighted
* Only appearance of Flip's frog girlfriend
|}

=== 1931 ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Title
!Release date
!Series
!Notes
|-
|''The Village Smitty''
|January 31
| rowspan="10" |Flip the Frog
|First appearances of Flip's cat girlfriend and [[Orace]]
|-
|''The Soup Song''
|January 31
|Bandmaster [[Paul Whiteman]] is caricatured
|-
|''Laughing Gas''
|March 14
|Only appearance of the walrus
|-
|''Ragtime Romeo''
|May 2
|
* First time Flip wears a hat
|-
|''The New Car''
|July 25
|
* Starting with this cartoon, Flip's design slowly changes
* Some plot elements in this cartoon are reused from a Disney Oswald cartoon, [[Trolley Troubles]]
|-
|''Movie Mad''
|August 29
|Caricatures include [[Laurel and Hardy]] and [[Charlie Chaplin]]
|-
|''The Village Specialist''
|September 12
|Only appearance of Mrs Pig
|-
|''Jail Birds''
|September 26
|First time Orace is Flip's horse
|-
|''Africa Squeaks''
|October 17
|No longer shown on American television due to offensive black stereotypes
|-
|''Spooks''
|September 21
|Second Halloween-themed cartoon
|}

=== 1932 ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Title
!Release date
!Series
!Notes
|-
|''The Milkman''
|February 20
| rowspan="15" |Flip the Frog
|
* First appearance of the orphan boy
|-
|''Fire! Fire!''
|March 5
|
|-
|''What a Life''
|March 26
|First time Flip interacts with humans
|-
|''Puppy Love''
|April 30
|First appearance of Flip's dog
|-
|''School Days''
|May 14
|First appearance of the spinster
|-
|''The Bully''
|June 18
|Final appearance of the orphan boy
|-
|''The Office Boy''
|July 16
|
* The secretary is a caricature of [[Joan Crawford]]
* Contains inappropriate content
|-
|''Room Runners''
|August 13
|
* Contains inappropriate content
|-
|''Stormy Seas''
|August 22
|
* Possibly a withheld 1931 release
* Final appearance of Flip's cat girlfriend
|-
|''Circus''
|August 27
|Copyrighted on September 7, 1932
|-
|''The Goal Rush''
|October 3
|
* In the beginning, there is a scene considered inappropriate where the bandmaster shoots the clarinet player just for playing wrong
* First appearance of Flip's human girlfriend
|-
|''The Phoney Express''
|October 27
|First "official" appearance of Flip's human girlfriend. She bears a strong resemblance to [[Fleischer Studios]]'s [[Betty Boop]]. The original title for the cartoon was "The Pony Express", but later changed to "The Phoney Express" by Pat Powers
|-
|''The Music Lesson''
|October 29
|Only appearance of Flip's friends
|-
|''The Nurse Maid''
|November 26
|This cartoon has two racist scenes that do not appear on TV. There is an angry "Chinaman–Fu Man Chu" type with long fingernails trying to scratch the eyes out of Flip. Later, a cigar store Indian has gags with runaway animals.
|-
|''Funny Face''
|December 24
|In the public domain
|}

=== 1933 ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Title
!Release date
!Series
!Notes
|-
|''Coo Coo, the Magician''
|January 21
| rowspan="6" |Flip the Frog
|Cameo of the spinster at the beginning
|-
|''Flip's Lunchroom''
|March 4
|Only ''Flip the Frog'' cartoon to have Flip's name in the title
|-
|''[[Techno-Cracked|Technocracked]]''
|May 8
| Possibly filmed in two-strip Technicolor or cinecolor
|-
|''Bulloney''
|May 30
|
|-
|''A Chinaman's Chance''
|June 24
|
* No longer shown on American television due to offensive Chinese stereotypes
* Final appearance of Flip's dog
|-
|''Paleface''
|August 12
|Final appearances of Orace, Flip's girlfriend, and the spinster
|-
|''The Air Race''
|n/a
| rowspan="2" |[[Willie Whopper]]
|The first Willie Whopper cartoon, though it was never released due to a plot hole. A remake, ''Spite Flight'', was released.
|-
|''Play Ball''
|September 16
|The first official Willie Whopper cartoon
|-
|''Soda Squirt''
|October 12
|Flip the Frog
|
* Final Flip the Frog cartoon
* Caricatures include [[Laurel and Hardy]], [[Jimmy Durante]], [[Buster Keaton]], [[Rasputin]], the [[Marx Brothers]], [[Mae West]], and [[Joe E. Brown]].
|-
|''Spite Flight''
|October 14
| rowspan="2" |Willie Whopper
|A remake of the unreleased Willie Whopper cartoon, ''The Air Race''
|-
|''Stratos Fear''
|November 11
|
|-
|''[[Jack and the Beanstalk (1933 film)|Jack and the Beanstalk]]''
|December 23
|[[Comicolor Cartoons|Comicolor]]
|First Comicolor cartoon
|}

=== 1934 ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Title
!Release date
!Series
!Notes
|-
|''Davy Jones Locker''
|January 13
|Willie Whopper
|The first of two Willie Whopper cartoons to be filmed in [[Cinecolor]]
|-
|''The Little Red Hen''
|February 16
|Comicolor
|
|-
|''Hell's Fire''
|February 17
| rowspan="2" |Willie Whopper
|The only cartoon made by Ub Iwerks to have a curse word in the title. This is the last of the two Willie Whopper cartoons filmed in Cinecolor.
|-
|''Robin Hood, Jr.''
|March 10
|
|-
|''The Brave Tin Soldier''
|April 7
|Comicolor
|
|-
|''Insultin' the Sultan''
|April 14
|Willie Whopper
|
|-
|''Puss in Boots''
|May 17
|Comicolor
|Two other prints exist.
|-
|''Reducing Creme''
|May 19
| rowspan="2" |Willie Whopper
|
|-
|''Rasslin' Round''
|June 1
|Working title: ''Rasslin' Around''
|-
|''The Queen of Hearts''
|June 25
|Comicolor
|
|-
|''Cave Man''
|July 6
| rowspan="2" |Willie Whopper
|Music composed by Bennie Moten and his orchestra
|-
|''Jungle Jitters''
|July 24
|No longer shown on American television due to offensive black stereotypes
|-
|''[[Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp (1934 film)|Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp]]''
|August 10
|ComiColor
|
|-
|''Good Scout''
|September 1
| rowspan="2" |Willie Whopper
|
* Music composed by McKinney's Cotton Pickers
* Stereotypes of ethnic (Chinese, Jewish, Black) boy scouts
|-
|''Viva Willie''
|September 20
|Final Willie Whopper cartoon. After this cartoon, the rest are Comicolor cartoons.
|-
|''[[The Headless Horseman (1934 film)|The Headless Horseman]]''
|October 1
| rowspan="4" |Comicolor
|
|-
|''The Valiant Tailor''
|October 29
|
|-
|''Don Quixote''
|November 26
|Preserved by the [[Academy Film Archive]] in 1998<ref>{{Cite web |title=Preserved Projects |url=https://www.oscars.org/academy-film-archive/preserved-projects?title=don+quixote&filmmaker=&category=All&collection=All |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506011802/https://www.oscars.org/academy-film-archive/preserved-projects?title=don+quixote&filmmaker=&category=All&collection=All |archive-date=May 6, 2022 |access-date=May 20, 2020 |website=Academy Film Archive |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Jack Frost (1934 film)|Jack Frost]]''
|December 24
|
|}

=== 1935 ===
All Comicolor shorts
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Title
!Release date
!Notes
|-
|''[[Little Black Sambo (film)|Little Black Sambo]]''
|February 6
|No longer shown on American television due to offensive black stereotypes
|-
|''[[Bremen Town Musicians|Brementown Musicians]]''
|March 6
|
|-
|''Old Mother Hubbard''
|April 3
|
|-
|''Mary's Little Lamb''
|May 1
|
|-
|''Summertime''
|June 15
|
|-
|''[[Sinbad the Sailor (1935 film)|Sinbad the Sailor]]''
|July 30
|
|-
|''The Three Bears''
|August 30
|
|-
|''[[Balloon Land|Balloonland]]'' (aka ''The Pincushion Man'')
|September 30
|This is known as both ''Balloonland'' and ''The Pincushion Man''
|-
|''[[Simple Simon (1935 film)|Simple Simon]]''
|November 15
|
|-
|''Humpty Dumpty''
|December 30
|
|}

=== 1936 ===
All Comicolor shorts
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Title
!Release date
!Notes
|-
|''Ali Baba''
|January 30
|
|-
|''Tom Thumb''
|March 30
|
|-
|''Dick Whittington's Cat''
|May 30
|
|-
|''Little Boy Blue'' (aka ''The Big Bad Wolf'')
|July 30
|This cartoon is variously known both as ''Little Boy Blue'' and ''The Big Bad Wolf''.
|-
|''[[Happy Days (1936 film)|Happy Days]]''
|September 30
|Last of the Comicolor cartoons, based on the comic strip ''[[Reg'lar Fellers]]''. The last cartoon made prior to reorganizing the studio.
|}

=== 1936-1940 ===
*Contract work to Screen Gems/Columbia Pictures – 16 cartoons (Iwerks was only personally involved with 15 of the [[Color Rhapsody]] series, the last cartoon in the deal was completed by Paul Fennell after Iwerks had left his own studio)
*Contract work to  Leon Schlesinger Productions – two cartoons
* In 1938, Iwerks produced his last series, ''Gran' Pop Monkey'',<ref>{{Cite book |last=The Film Daily | title=The Film Daily (Oct-Dec 1938) | date=December 1938 | publisher=Wid's Films and Film Folk |url=https://archive.org/details/filmdail74wids/page/n556/mode/1up?q=Iwerks#:~:text=Three%20%20of%20%20the%20%20series%20%20have%20%20been%20completed%20%20under%20%20the%20%20direction%20%20of%20UB%20%20Iwerks%20%20and%20%20the%20%20first%20%20subject%20%20will%20be%20%20ready%20%20for%20%20distribution%20%20shortly%20%20after%20Jan.%20%201.}}</ref> featuring the title character created by British illustrator [[Lawson Wood]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stanchfield |first=Steve |date=March 20, 2014 |title='Beauty Shoppe' (1940) with Gran' Pop Monkey |url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/beauty-shoppe-gran-pop-monkey-and-cartoon-films-ltd/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116061705/http://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/beauty-shoppe-gran-pop-monkey-and-cartoon-films-ltd/ |archive-date=January 16, 2019 |access-date=June 10, 2020 |website=Cartoon Research}}</ref> There were three cartoons produced: "A Busy Day", "Beauty Shoppe" and "Baby Checkers".{{sfn |Lenburg |1993 |p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780816038312/page/88/mode/2up 88]}} All three were released theatrically by [[Monogram Pictures]] between 1940 and 1941.<ref name=":0"/>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Title
!Release date
!Notes
|-
|''Two Lazy Crows''
|November 26, 1936
|A Color Rhapsody cartoon; First Color Rhapsody directed by Iwerks
|-
|''Skeleton Frolic''
|January 29, 1937
|A Color Rhapsody cartoon; remake of Iwerk's earlier ''The Skeleton Dance''
|-
|''Merry Mannequins''
|March 19, 1937
|A Color Rhapsody cartoon
|-
|''[[Porky and Gabby]]''
|May 15, 1937
|A Looney Tunes cartoon; First Looney Tune by Iwerks and debut of Gabby Goat
|-
|''The Foxy Pup''
|May 21, 1937
|A Color Rhapsody cartoon
|-
|''[[Porky's Super Service]]''
|July 3, 1937
|A Looney Tunes cartoon; Last Looney Tune by Iwerks
|-
|''The Horse on the Merry-Go-Round''
|February 17, 1938
|rowspan="10"| A Color Rhapsody cartoon
|-
|''Snow Time''
|April 14, 1938
|-
|''The Frog Pond''
|August 12, 1938
|-
|''Midnight Frolics''
|November 24, 1938
|-
|''The Gorilla Hunt''
|February 24, 1939
|-
|''Nell’s Yells''
|June 30, 1939
|-
|''Crop Chasers''
|September 22, 1939
|-
|''Blackboard Revue''
|March 15, 1940
|-
|''The Egg Hunt''
|May 31, 1940
|-
|''Ye Olde Swap Shoppe''
|June 28, 1940
|-
|''A Busy Day''
|July 22, 1940<ref name=":0"/>
|A Gran’ Pop Monkey cartoon
|-
|''Wise Owl''
|December 5, 1940
|A Color Rhpsody; Last Color Rhapsody directed by Iwerks, Last cartoon Iwerks directed before returning to Disney
|-
|''Beauty Shoppe''
|January 19, 1941<ref name=":0">[https://archive.org/details/exhibitorjunnov126jaye/page/n801/mode/2up?q=monogram The Exhibitor (August 1941)]</ref> 
|rowspan="2"| A Gran’ Pop Monkey cartoon
|-
|''Baby Checkers''
|February 2, 1941<ref name=":0"/>
|-
|''The Carpenters''
|March 14, 1941
|A Color Rhapsody; Directed by Paul Fennell, Iwerks was not involved in the creation of this cartoon (as he had returned to Disney) but it was made as part of his contract with Screen Gems
|-
|}

== Accolades ==
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-right: 0;"
|-
! Year
! Award
! Category
! Recognition
! Shared with
! Result
|-
| {{dts|1960}}
| rowspan="3"| [[Academy Awards]]
| [[Academy Award for Technical Achievement|Technical Achievement Award]]
| For the design of an improved optical printer for special effects and matte shots.
| {{n/a}}
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1964}}
| [[Academy Award for Best Visual Effects|Best Effects, Special Visual Effects]]
| ''[[The Birds (film)|The Birds]]''
| {{n/a}}
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Academy Scientific and Technical Award#Award of Merit|Academy Award of Merit]]
| For the conception and perfection of techniques for Color Traveling Matte Composite Cinematography.
| [[Petro Vlahos]] and [[Wadsworth E. Pohl]]
| {{won}}
|-
| {{dts|1978}}
| [[Annie Awards]]
| [[Winsor McCay Award]]
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{won}}
|-
| {{dts|2017}}
| [[Visual Effects Society Awards]]
| Hall of Fame
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{won}}
|}

== See also ==

* [[Walt Disney (film)|''Walt Disney'' (2015 PBS film)]]

==Notes==

{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

===Sources===
<!--{{sfn |Apgar |2015 |p=}}-->
* {{cite book |last=Apgar |first=Garry |title=Mickey Mouse: Emblem of the American Spirit |publisher=Weldon Owen |publication-place=San Francisco, CA |date=December 22, 2015 |isbn=978-1-61628-672-9 |oclc=1349253324 |url=https://archive.org/details/mickeymouseemble0000apga |url-access=registration |via=Internet Archive}}
<!--{{sfn |Gabler |2006 |p=}}-->
* {{cite book |last=Gabler |first=Neal |title=[[Walt Disney: The Triumph of the American Imagination]] |publisher=Knopf |publication-place=New York |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-307-26596-8 |oclc=232315401}}
<!--{{sfn |Iwerks |Kenworthy |2001 |p=}}-->
* {{cite book |last1=Iwerks |first1=Leslie |author-link=Leslie Iwerks |last2=Kenworthy |first2=John D. |title=The hand behind the mouse : an intimate biography of the man Walt Disney called "the greatest animator in the world" |publisher=Disney Editions |publication-place=New York |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-7868-5320-5 |oclc=44669781}}
<!--{{sfn |Lenburg |1993 |p=}}-->
* {{cite book |last=Lenburg |first=Jeff |chapter=Ub Iwerks |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/greatcartoondire00lenb/page/24/mode/2up |chapter-url-access=registration |title=The Great Cartoon Directors |url=https://archive.org/details/greatcartoondire00lenb |url-access=registration|publisher=Da Capo Press |publication-place=New York |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-306-80521-9 |oclc=1035310767 |page=25 |via=Internet Archive}}
<!--{{sfn |Maltin |1987 |p=}}-->
* {{cite book |last=Maltin |first=Leonard |author-link=Leonard Maltin |title=Of Mice and Magic |publisher=Plume |publication-place=New York, NY |date=1987 |orig-year=1980 |isbn=978-0-452-25993-5 |oclc=1319416533 |url=https://archive.org/details/ofmicemagichisto0000malt |url-access=registration |via=Internet Archive}}

== Further reading ==
* {{Cite journal |last=Boje |first=David M. |date=August 1995 |title=Stories of the Storytelling Organization: A Postmodern Analysis of Disney As "Tamara -Land" |url=https://davidboje.com/vita/paper_pdfs/AMJ_Disney.pdf |journal=Academy of Management Journal |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=997–1035 |doi=10.5465/256618 |doi-broken-date=July 12, 2025 |access-date=March 8, 2022 |ref=none}}
* {{cite book |last1=Iwerks |first1=Don |author-link=Don Iwerks |last2=Maltin |first2=Leonard |author2-link=Leonard Maltin |title=Walt Disney's Ultimate Inventor: the Genius of Ub Iwerks |publisher=Disney Editions |publication-place=Los Angeles |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-4847-4337-9 |oclc=1133108493 |ref=none}}
* {{Cite web |last=Iwerks |first=Leslie |author-link=Leslie Iwerks |date=December 17, 2008 |title=The Hand Behind the Mouse: The Ub Iwerks Story |url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/529899/the-hand-behind-the-mouse-the-ub-iwerks-story |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308082959/https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/529899/the-hand-behind-the-mouse-the-ub-iwerks-story |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 8, 2022 |website=via: TCM |publisher=Leslie Iwerks Productions, Walt Disney Pictures}}

== External links ==
*{{commonscat-inline}}
*
* {{IMDb name}}
* {{Inducks author|Ub+Iwerks}}
* {{Find a Grave}}

{{Ub Iwerks}}
{{Navboxes
|title = Awards for Ub Iwerks
|list =
{{Disney Legends Awards 1980s}}
{{Winsor McCay Award 1970s}}
}}
{{Walt Disney Animation Studios}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Iwerks, Ub}}

[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:1971 deaths]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Scientific and Technical Academy Award of Merit]]
[[Category:American comic strip cartoonists]]
[[Category:American people of Frisian descent]]
[[Category:American animated film directors]]
[[Category:American animated film producers]]
[[Category:American comedy film directors]]
[[Category:Animators from Missouri]]
[[Category:Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)]]
[[Category:Disney imagineers]]
[[Category:Film directors from Missouri]]
[[Category:Walt Disney Animation Studios people]]
[[Category:Artists from Kansas City, Missouri]]
[[Category:American special effects people]]
[[Category:Disney comics artists]]
[[Category:Academy Award for Technical Achievement winners]]
[[Category:Laugh-O-Gram Studio people]]
[[Category:American character designers]]

{{Wikipedia attribution|original_title=Ub Iwerks|access_date=2026-03-07}}