View source for The Shining (film)


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{{Infobox film
| name           = The Shining
| image          = The Shining (1980) U.K. release poster - The tide of terror that swept America IS HERE.jpg
| caption        = UK theatrical release poster <!--Per [[Template talk:Infobox film/Archive 31#RfC: Nationalities in infobox poster captions]], do NOT include nationality if the poster is from a country of production, as the UK is in this case-->
| director       = [[Stanley Kubrick]]
| producer       = Stanley Kubrick
| screenplay     = {{plainlist|
* Stanley Kubrick
* [[Diane Johnson]]
}}
| based_on       = {{Based on|''[[The Shining (novel)|The Shining]]''|[[Stephen King]]}}
| starring       = {{plainlist|
* [[Jack Nicholson]]
* [[Shelley Duvall]]
* [[Scatman Crothers]]
* [[Danny Lloyd]]
}}
| music          = {{plainlist|
* [[Wendy Carlos]]
* [[Rachel Elkind-Tourre|Rachel Elkind]]
}}
| cinematography = [[John Alcott]]
| editing        = [[Ray Lovejoy]]
| studio         = {{unbulleted list|The Producer Circle Company|[[Peregrine Productions]]|[[Hawk Films]]}}
| distributor    = {{Plainlist|
* [[Warner Bros. Pictures|Warner Bros.]] (United States)
* [[Columbia Pictures|Columbia]]-[[EMI Films|EMI]]-Warner Distributors (United Kingdom)<ref name=bbfc /><!--do not change it to specific distributors, since WB has all theatrical rights worldwide -->
}}
| released       = {{Film date|1980|05|23|United States|1980|10|02|United Kingdom|ref1=<ref>{{cite news |first=Janet |last=Maslin|author-link=Janet Maslin |title=Nicholson and Shelley Duvall in Kubrick's 'The Shining' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1980/05/23/movies/052380shining.html?_r=0 |date=May 23, 1980 |access-date=March 16, 2017 |work=The New York Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524101632/http://www.nytimes.com/1980/05/23/movies/052380shining.html?_r=0|archive-date=May 24, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>|ref2=<ref>{{cite web |first=Derek |last=Malcolm|author-link=Derek Malcolm |title=From the archive, 2 October 1980: Stanley Kubrick's The Shining – review |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/oct/02/the-shining-stanley-kubrick-jack-nicholson-review-1980 |date=October 2, 1980 |access-date=March 16, 2017 |work=The Guardian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316210302/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/oct/02/the-shining-stanley-kubrick-jack-nicholson-review-1980|archive-date=March 16, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>}}
| runtime        = {{plainlist|
* 146 minutes (premiere)
* 144 minutes (United States)<!--Theatrical runtime: 143:36--><ref name=bbfc>{{cite web |title=THE SHINING |url=https://bbfc.co.uk/releases/shining-2012 |publisher=[[British Board of Film Classification]] |access-date=October 5, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222022323/https://bbfc.co.uk/releases/shining-2012 |archive-date=February 22, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 119 minutes (Europe)<!--Theatrical runtime: 119:29--><ref>{{cite web |title=THE SHINING |url=https://bbfc.co.uk/releases/shining-1 |publisher=[[British Board of Film Classification]] |access-date=October 5, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222022311/https://bbfc.co.uk/releases/shining-1 |archive-date=February 22, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}
| country        = {{plainlist|
* United Kingdom<ref name="bfi" />
* United States<ref name="bfi">{{cite web |title=The Shining (1980) |url=http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b6bf360f4 |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] |access-date=December 19, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219134210/http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b6bf360f4 |archive-date=December 19, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}
| language       = English
| budget         = $19 million<ref name="mojo">{{cite web |url=https://boxofficemojo.com/title/tt0081505/ |title=The Shining (1980) |website=[[Box Office Mojo]] |access-date=February 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191111165526/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt0081505/ |archive-date=November 11, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
| gross          = $50 million<ref name="mojo" />
}}

'''''The Shining''''' is a 1980 [[psychological horror film]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Sharf |first=Zack |date=2022-09-19 |title=New 'The Shining' Film Killed by Bad 'Doctor Sleep' Box Office, Director Says: 'I'll Always Regret This Didn't Happen' |url=https://variety.com/2022/film/news/doctor-sleep-sequel-dead-box-office-mike-flanagan-1235376960/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref><!-- Do not change genre without providing a corroborating source. --> produced and directed by [[Stanley Kubrick]] and co-written with novelist [[Diane Johnson]]. It is based on [[Stephen King]]'s [[The Shining (novel)|1977 novel]] and stars [[Jack Nicholson]], [[Shelley Duvall]], [[Danny Lloyd]] and [[Scatman Crothers]]. The film presents the descent into insanity of a recovering alcoholic and aspiring novelist who takes a job as winter caretaker for a mountain resort hotel with his wife and [[Clairvoyance|clairvoyant]] son. 

Production took place almost exclusively in [[England]] at [[Elstree Studios (Shenley Road)|EMI Elstree Studios]], with sets based on real locations. Kubrick often worked with a small crew, which allowed him to do many takes, sometimes to the exhaustion of the actors and staff. The then-new [[Steadicam]] mount was used to shoot several scenes, giving the film an innovative and immersive look and feel. 

The film was released in the United States on May 23, 1980, by [[Warner Bros. Pictures|Warner Bros.]], and in the United Kingdom on October 2 by [[Columbia Pictures]] through Columbia-EMI-Warner Distributors. There were several versions for theatrical releases, each of which was cut shorter than the preceding cut; about 27 minutes was cut in total. Reactions to the film at the time of its release were mixed; King criticized the film due to its deviations from the novel. The film received two controversial nominations at the [[1st Golden Raspberry Awards]] in 1981—[[Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Director|Worst Director]] and [[Worst Actress]]—the latter of which was later rescinded in 2022 due to Kubrick's alleged<ref>{{cite web |last=Murray |first=Tom |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/shelley-duvall-career-the-shining-stanley-kubrick-b2578217.html|title=No, Shelley Duvall was not traumatized by Stanley Kubrick on The Shining – she embraced it |website=Independent |date=July 11, 2024 |access-date=October 7, 2024}}</ref> treatment of Duvall on set.

''The Shining'' has since been critically reappraised and is often cited as one of the best horror films ever made. In 2018, it was selected for preservation in the United States [[National Film Registry]] by the [[Library of Congress]] as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=McClintock |first=Pamela |date=2019-11-11 |title=Box Office: 'Doctor Sleep's' Dismal $14M Debut Terrifies Hollywood |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/box-office-doctor-sleeps-dismal-14m-debut-terrifies-hollywood-1253734/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref> A sequel titled ''[[Doctor Sleep (2019 film)|Doctor Sleep]]'', based on King's 2013 novel [[Doctor Sleep (novel)|of the same name]], was adapted to film and released in 2019.

== Plot ==
<!-- Per [[WP:FILMPLOT]], film plots should be between 400 and 700 words. On an edit on April 30, 2021, this section was reduced from 712 to 485 words. Please discuss on the talk page if you think anything needs to be added or removed. -->
[[Jack Torrance]] takes a caretaker position to look after the remote Overlook Hotel in the Colorado [[Rocky Mountains]], while it is closed for the winter. After his arrival, hotel manager Stuart Ullman informs Jack that a previous caretaker, Charles Grady,<!-- This is correct, do not change it. The character is named Charles Grady in the interview, and Delbert Grady later on in the film. --> killed his wife, two young daughters, and himself in the hotel a decade prior.

In [[Boulder, Colorado|Boulder]], Jack's son, [[Danny Torrance|Danny]], has a [[wikt:premonition|premonition]] and seizure. Jack's wife, [[Wendy Torrance|Wendy]], tells the doctor about a past incident when Jack accidentally dislocated Danny's shoulder during a drunken rage. Jack has been sober ever since. Before leaving for the seasonal break, the Overlook's head chef, [[Dick Hallorann]], informs Danny of a [[telepathy|telepathic ability]] the two share, which his grandmother called "shining". Hallorann tells Danny that the hotel also "shines" due to residue from unpleasant past events and warns him to avoid Room 237.<!-- Changed from novel's room 217. Please do not change -->

A month passes, and Danny starts having frightening visions, including those of the murdered Grady sisters. Meanwhile, Jack's mental health deteriorates; he suffers from [[writer's block]], is prone to violent outbursts, and has dreams of killing his family. Danny gets lured to room 237 by unseen forces, and Wendy later finds him with signs of physical trauma, for which she blames Jack. Jack sulks in the ballroom, where ghostly bartender Lloyd entices him back to drinking. Wendy tells him that Danny was attacked by a "crazy woman" in room 237. Jack investigates and encounters a hideous female ghost in the bathroom, but tells Wendy he saw nothing. He blames Danny for inflicting the bruises on himself and reacts angrily when Wendy suggests leaving the hotel. Danny enters a trance and telepathically contacts Hallorann. Returning to the ballroom, Jack finds it filled with ghostly figures, including waiter Delbert Grady, who urges Jack to "correct" his wife and child.

Wendy finds Jack's manuscript written with nothing but countless repetitions of the proverb "[[All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy]]". When Jack threatens her life, Wendy knocks him unconscious with a baseball bat and locks him in the kitchen pantry, but she and Danny cannot leave because Jack previously sabotaged the hotel's [[two-way radio]] and [[snowcat]]. Back in their hotel room, Danny says "[[wiktionary:redrum#English|redrum]]" repeatedly and writes the word in lipstick on the bathroom door. Wendy sees the word in the mirror and realizes that it is actually "murder" spelled backward.

Grady frees Jack, who goes after Wendy and Danny with an axe. Danny escapes outside through the bathroom window, and Wendy fights Jack off with a knife when he tries to break through the door. Hallorann, having flown back to Colorado from his Florida winter home, reaches the hotel in another snowcat. Jack ambushes and murders him with the axe, then pursues Danny into an expansive hedge maze on the hotel grounds. Wendy runs through the hotel looking for Danny, encountering the hotel's ghosts, Hallorann's bloody corpse, and a vision of cascading blood from an elevator similar to Danny's premonition. Danny carefully backtracks to mislead Jack and hides behind a snowdrift. While Jack rushes ahead without a trail to follow and becomes lost, Danny exits the maze and is found by Wendy. The two depart the Overlook in Hallorann's snowcat, leaving Jack to freeze to death in the maze. Meanwhile, a photograph in the hotel hallway pictures Jack standing amidst a crowd of party revelers from July 4, 1921.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Jack Nicholson]] as [[Jack Torrance]]
* [[Shelley Duvall]] as [[Wendy Torrance]], Jack's wife
* [[Danny Lloyd]] as [[Danny Torrance|Danny "Doc" Torrance]], Jack and Wendy's son
* [[Scatman Crothers]] as [[Dick Hallorann]]
* [[Barry Nelson]] as Stuart Ullman
* [[Philip Stone]] as Delbert Grady
* [[Joe Turkel]] as Lloyd
* [[Anne Jackson]] as Doctor
* [[Tony Burton]] as Larry Durkin
* Lia Beldam as young woman in bath
* Billie Gibson as old woman in bath
* [[Barry Dennen]] as Bill Watson
* Lisa and Louise Burns as the Grady "twins"
}}

In the European cut, all of the scenes involving Jackson and Burton were removed but the credits remained unchanged. Dennen is on-screen in all versions of the film, albeit to a limited degree (and no dialogue) in the European cut.

The actresses who played the ghosts of the murdered Grady daughters, Lisa and Louise Burns, are [[identical twin]]s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Those Two Scary Girls from The Shining |url=http://www.weht.net/Those_Two_Scary_Girls_from_The_Shining.html |website=weht.net |date=March 26, 2006| access-date=February 1, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203005516/http://www.weht.net/Those_Two_Scary_Girls_from_The_Shining.html | archive-date=February 3, 2014 | url-status=live}}</ref> The characters in the book and film script are sisters, but not twins. In the film's dialogue, Ullman says that he thinks that they were "about eight and ten". Nonetheless, they are frequently referred to in discussions about the film as "the Grady twins".

There is a resemblance in the staging of the Grady girls and the ''[[Identical Twins, Roselle, New Jersey, 1967]]'' photograph by [[Diane Arbus]] according to Arbus' biographer, [[Patricia Bosworth]],<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Amanda |date=2025-12-17 |title='It: Welcome to Derry' Fans Want Dick Hallorann Spinoff — Here's What Chris Chalk Says… |url=https://www.tvinsider.com/1234692/it-welcome-to-derry-fans-want-dick-hallorann-spinoff-chris-chalk-interview-exclusive/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=TV Insider |language=en-US}}</ref> the Kubrick assistant who cast and coached them, [[Leon Vitali]],<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Saavedra |first=John |date=2019-11-20 |title=Doctor Sleep Director Mike Flanagan on the Possibility of The Shining 3 |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/the-shining-3-mike-flanagan/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=Den of Geek |language=en-US}}</ref> and by numerous Kubrick critics.<ref name="Webster">{{cite book |title=Love and Death in Kubrick: A Critical Study of the Films from Lolita Through Eyes Wide Shut |last=Webster |first=Patrick |year=2010 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-5916-2 |page=115}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=A Cinema of Loneliness: Penn, Stone, Kubrick, Scorsese, Spielberg, Altman |last=Kolker |first=Robert |year=2011 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-973888-5 |page=178}} and others.</ref> Kubrick both met Arbus personally and studied photography under her during his time as a photographer for ''[[Look (American magazine)|Look]]'' magazine; Kubrick's widow says he did not deliberately model the Grady girls on Arbus' photograph, in spite of widespread attention to the resemblance.<ref name="Webster" />

== Analysis ==

=== Social interpretations ===
[[File:The shining heres johnny.jpg|thumb|upright|The film's most famous scene, when Jack places his face through the broken door and says, "Here's Johnny!", which echoes scenes in both [[D. W. Griffith]]'s ''[[Broken Blossoms]]'' (1919) and the 1921 Swedish horror film ''[[The Phantom Carriage]]''.<ref>"[http://www.thorellifilm.com/sidaMedia/filmartiklar2_guldalder.htm Den svenska filmens Guldålder] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081105160046/http://www.thorellifilm.com/sidaMedia/filmartiklar2_guldalder.htm |date=November 5, 2008 }}" (in Swedish) Thorellifilm</ref><ref>{{YouTube|vTA9B7VB4kI|Original Scene from "The Phantom Carriage"}}</ref>]]

Film critic Jonathan Romney writes that the film has been interpreted in many ways, including addressing the topics of the crisis in [[masculinity]], [[sexism]], corporate America, and [[racism]]. "It's tempting to read ''The Shining'' as an [[Oedipal]] struggle not just between generations but between Jack's culture of the written word and Danny's culture of images", Romney writes, "Jack also uses the written word to more mundane purpose – to sign his 'contract' with the Overlook. 'I gave my word',&nbsp;... which we take to mean 'gave his soul' in the&nbsp;... [[Faustian]] sense. But maybe he means it more literally – by the end&nbsp;... he has renounced language entirely, pursuing Danny through the maze with an inarticulate animal roar. What he has entered into is a conventional business deal that places commercial obligation&nbsp;... over the unspoken contract of compassion and empathy that he seems to have neglected to sign with his family."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Romney |first1=Jonathan |title=Stanley Kubrick 1928–99 Resident Phantoms |url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/feature/179/ |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] |access-date=May 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100627005254/http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/feature/179/ |archive-date=June 27, 2010 |date=September 1999}}</ref>

==== Native Americans ====
Among interpreters who see the film reflecting more subtly the social concerns that animate other Kubrick films, one of the early viewpoints was discussed in an essay by [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] reporter Bill Blakemore titled "Kubrick's 'Shining' Secret: Film's Hidden Horror Is the Murder of the Indian", first published in ''[[The Washington Post]]'' on July 12, 1987.<ref name="Blakemore" /> He believes that indirect references to American killings of [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] pervade the film, as exemplified by the [[Amerindian]] logos on the baking powder in the kitchen and the [[Visual arts of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Amerindian artwork]] that appears throughout the hotel, though no Native Americans are seen. Stuart Ullman tells Wendy that when building the hotel, a few Indian attacks had to be fended off since it was constructed on an [[Indian burial ground trope|Indian burial ground]].<ref name="Blakemore" />

Blakemore's general argument is that the film is a metaphor for the [[Native American genocide in the United States|genocide of Native Americans]]. He notes that when Jack kills Hallorann, the dead body is seen lying on a rug with an Indian motif. The blood in the elevator shafts is, for Blakemore, the blood of the Indians in the burial ground on which the hotel was built. The date of the final photograph, [[Independence Day (United States)|July 4]], is meant to be ironic. Blakemore writes:<ref name="Blakemore">{{cite news |last1=Blakemore |first1=Bill |title=Kubrick's Shining' Secret |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1987/07/12/kubricks-shining-secret/a7e3433d-e92e-4171-b46f-77817f1743f0/ |access-date=November 12, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 12, 1987 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228132422/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1987/07/12/kubricks-shining-secret/a7e3433d-e92e-4171-b46f-77817f1743f0/ |archive-date=December 28, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=KUBRICK SHINING |url=http://williamblakemore.com/Blakemore-%20Kubrick%20Shining.pdf |website=Williamblakemore.com |access-date=November 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191120091218/https://williamblakemore.com/Blakemore-%20Kubrick%20Shining.pdf |archive-date=November 20, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
{{blockquote|As with some of his other movies, Kubrick ends ''The Shining'' with a powerful visual puzzle that forces the audience to leave the theater asking, "What was that all about?" ''The Shining'' ends with an extremely long camera shot moving down a hallway in the Overlook, reaching eventually the central photo among 21 photos on the wall, each capturing previous good times in the hotel. At the head of the party is none other than the Jack we've just seen in 1980. The caption reads: "Overlook Hotel&nbsp;– July 4th Ball&nbsp;– 1921." The answer to this puzzle, which is a master key to unlocking the whole movie, is that most Americans overlook the fact that July Fourth was no ball, nor any kind of Independence day, for native Americans; that the weak American villain of the film is the re-embodiment of the American men who massacred the Indians in earlier years; that Kubrick is examining and reflecting on a problem that cuts through the decades and centuries.}}

Film writer John Capo sees the film as an allegory of [[American imperialism]]. This is exemplified by many clues, such as the closing photo of Jack in the past at a Fourth of July party, or Jack's earlier reference to the [[Rudyard Kipling]] poem "[[The White Man's Burden]]", which was written to advocate the American colonial seizure of the [[Philippine islands]], justifying imperial conquest as a mission of civilization.<ref>{{cite web |last=Capo |first=John |url=http://www.tailslate.net/articles/index.asp?ID=36&lst=n&dpt=articles |title=Overlooking the Self: ''The Shining'' as an allegory of American Imperialism |website=Tailslate.net |date=September 27, 2004 |access-date=April 17, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090803070711/http://www.tailslate.net/articles/index.asp?ID=36&lst=n&dpt=articles |archive-date=August 3, 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The artwork of [[Indigenous Canadian]] artist [[Norval Morrisseau]] can be seen throughout the film, including the paintings ''The Great Earth Mother'' (1976), and ''Flock of Loons'' (1975).<ref name="Eyescream-2019">{{Cite web |date=April 15, 2019 |title=COME TOGETHER, RIGHT NOW, OVER ME: A GUIDE TO ALL THE SHINING'S BURIED ART |url=https://eyescream237.ca/come-together-right-now-over-me-a-guide-to-all-the-shinings-buried-art/ |access-date=January 1, 2024 |website=EYE SCREAM |language=en |archive-date=January 1, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240101195333/https://eyescream237.ca/come-together-right-now-over-me-a-guide-to-all-the-shinings-buried-art/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

==== Geoffrey Cocks and Kubrick's concern with the Holocaust ====
Film historian Geoffrey Cocks has extended Blakemore's idea that the film has a subtext about Native Americans by arguing that the film indirectly reflects Stanley Kubrick's concerns about [[the Holocaust]] (both Cocks's book and [[Michael Herr]]'s memoir of Kubrick discuss how he wanted his entire life to make a film dealing directly with the Holocaust but could never quite make up his mind). Cocks, writing in his book ''The Wolf at the Door: Stanley Kubrick, History and the Holocaust'', proposed a controversial theory that all of Kubrick's work is informed by the Holocaust; there is, he says, a holocaust subtext in ''The Shining''. This, Cocks believes, is why Kubrick's screenplay goes to emotional extremes, omitting much of the novel's supernaturalism and making the character of Wendy much more [[hysteria]]-prone.<ref name="SeeCocks">{{Anchor|SeeCocks}}{{cite book |title=Depth of Field: Stanley Kubrick, Film, and the Uses of History |year=2006 |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press |location=Madison, Wis. |isbn=978-0-299-21614-6 |page=174 |edition=1st |first1=Geoffrey |last1=Cocks |first2=James |last2=Diedrick |first3=Glenn |last3=Perusek}}</ref> Cocks places Kubrick's vision of a haunted hotel in line with a long literary tradition of hotels in which sinister events occur, from [[Stephen Crane]]'s short story "[[The Blue Hotel]]" (which Kubrick admired) to the Swiss Berghof in [[Thomas Mann]]'s novel ''[[The Magic Mountain]]'', about a snowbound sanatorium high in the [[Swiss Alps]] in which the protagonist witnesses a series of events which are a microcosm of the decline of [[Western culture]].{{sfn|Cocks|Diedrich|Perusek|2006|p=201|ref=SeeCocks}}

Cocks claims that Kubrick has elaborately coded many of his historical concerns into the film with manipulations of numbers and colors and his choice of musical numbers, many of which are [[Aftermath of World War II|post-war]] compositions influenced by the horrors of [[World War II]]. Of particular note is Kubrick's use of [[Krzysztof Penderecki]]'s ''[[The Awakening of Jacob]]'' to accompany Jack Torrance's dream of killing his family and Danny's vision of past carnage in the hotel, a piece of music originally associated with the horrors of the Holocaust.{{sfn|Cocks|Diedrich|Perusek|2006|loc=ch. 11|ref=SeeCocks}}

Cocks's work has been anthologized and discussed in other works on Stanley Kubrick films, though sometimes with skepticism. Julian Rice, writing in the opening chapter of his book ''Kubrick's Hope'', believes Cocks's views are excessively speculative and contain too many strained "critical leaps" of faith. Rice holds that what went on in Kubrick's mind cannot be replicated or corroborated beyond a broad vision of the nature of good and evil (which included concern about the Holocaust) but Kubrick's art is not governed by this one obsession.<ref>{{cite book |last=Rice |first=Julian |year=2008 |title=Kubrick's Hope: Discovering Optimism from '2001' to 'Eyes Wide Shut' |publisher=Scarecrow Press |pages=11–13}}</ref> Diane Johnson, co-screenwriter for ''The Shining'', commented on Cocks's observations, saying that preoccupation with the Holocaust on Kubrick's part could very likely have motivated his decision to place the hotel on a Native American burial ground, although Kubrick never directly mentioned it to her.{{sfn|Cocks|Diedrich|Perusek|2006|ref=SeeCocks|p=59, {{Anchor|essayDJ}}''Writing The Shining'', essay by Diane Johnson}}

=== Literary allusions ===
Geoffrey Cocks notes that the film contains many allusions to fairy-tales, both ''[[Hansel and Gretel]]'' and ''[[The Three Little Pigs]]'',<ref name="SeeCocks" /> with Jack Torrance identified as the [[Big Bad Wolf]], which [[Bruno Bettelheim]] interprets as standing for "all the asocial unconscious devouring powers" that must be overcome by a child's ego.

The saying "all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy" appeared first in [[James Howell]]'s ''Proverbs in English, Italian, French and Spanish'' (1659).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.famousquotesandauthors.com/authors/james_howell_quotes.html |title=James Howell Quotes |publisher=Famousquotesandauthors.com |access-date=September 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101215124957/http://famousquotesandauthors.com/authors/james_howell_quotes.html |archive-date=December 15, 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Artworks in the film ===
Numerous paintings and sculptures appear throughout the film. Several paintings by [[Group of Seven (artists)|Group of Seven]] artists appear including ''The Solemn Land'' (1921) by [[J. E. H. MacDonald]], [[Northern River (painting)|''Northern River'']] (1914) by [[Tom Thomson]], ''Stormy Weather, Georgian Bay'' (1921) by [[Frederick Varley]], ''Red Maple'' (1914) by [[A. Y. Jackson]], ''Mist Fantasy, Sand River, Algoma'' (1920) by J.E.H. MacDonald, ''Maligne Lake, Jasper Park'' (1924) by [[Lawren Harris]], ''Beaver Swamp'' (1920) by Lawren Harris, and ''Arpeggio'' (1932) by Frederick Varley.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2020 |title=The Group of Seven Connection |url=https://eyescream237.ca/the-group-of-seven-connection/ |access-date=January 2, 2024 |website=EYE SCREAM |language=en |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102063215/https://eyescream237.ca/the-group-of-seven-connection/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Two paintings by Indigenous Canadian artist Norval Morrisseau can be seen in the film: ''The Great Earth Mother'' (1976) and ''Flock of Loons'' (1975)––Morriseau was part of the [[Professional Native Indian Artists Inc.]] (PNIAI) which came to be informally known as the "[[Indian Group of Seven]]".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Norval Morrisseau |url=https://www.aci-iac.ca/art-books/norval-morrisseau/biography |access-date=January 2, 2024 |website=Art Canada Institute – Institut de l'art canadien |language=en |archive-date=February 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202072103/https://www.aci-iac.ca/art-books/norval-morrisseau/biography/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Eyescream-2019" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Shining |url=https://curatorbyday.wordpress.com/tag/the-shining/ |access-date=January 3, 2024 |website=curator by day |language=en |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103012839/https://curatorbyday.wordpress.com/tag/the-shining/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

Many of the paintings that appear include depictions of Canada or are painted by Canadian artists including ''Le Campement du Trappeur'' (1931) by [[Clarence Gagnon]], ''December Afternoon'' (1969) by Hugh Monahan, ''Log Hut on the St. Maurice'' (1862) and ''Paysage d'hiver, Laval'' (1849) by [[Cornelius Krieghoff]],  ''After The Bath'' (1890) by [[Paul Peel]], ''Site du : "Combat de la Grange" September 25, 1775'' (1839) by [[Louise-Amélie Panet]], ''Starlight: Indian Papoose'' (n.d.) and ''Chief Bear Paw''  (n.d.) by [[Nicholas Raphael de Grandmaison]], ''Montreal from the Mountain'' (1838) by [[William Henry Bartlett]], ''Makah Returning in their War Canoes'' (1845–1859) by [[Paul Kane]], ''Mill on the Cliff'' (n.d.) by Nicholas Hornyansky, ''The Johnson House, Hanover'' (1932–42) by [[Carl Schaefer (artist)|Carl Schaefer]], and ''Cooper's Hawk'' (1974) and ''Glaucous-Winged Gull'' (1973) by [[J. Fenwick Lansdowne]].<ref name="Eyescream-2019" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Week |first=System Whitby This |date=October 13, 2017 |title=Whitby Station Gallery art talk focuses on 'The Shining' |url=https://www.durhamregion.com/things-to-do/whitby-station-gallery-art-talk-focuses-on-the-shining/article_00489982-d309-52c2-aac4-dab72811974e.html |access-date=January 3, 2024 |website=DurhamRegion.com |language=en |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103012839/https://www.durhamregion.com/things-to-do/whitby-station-gallery-art-talk-focuses-on-the-shining/article_00489982-d309-52c2-aac4-dab72811974e.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

A number of paintings by [[Alex Colville]] make appearances including ''Woman and Terrier'' (1963), ''[[Horse and Train]]'' (1954), ''Hound in Field (1958)'', ''Dog, Boy, and St. John River'' (1958), and ''Moon and Cow'' (1963).<ref name="Eyescream-2019" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=October 6, 2014 |title=Rookie of the Year: The Shining and Alex Colville {{!}} Unwinnable |url=https://unwinnable.com/2014/10/06/the-shining-alex-colville/ |access-date=January 3, 2024 |website=unwinnable.com |language=en-US |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103012840/https://unwinnable.com/2014/10/06/the-shining-alex-colville/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Shining |url=https://mickleblog.wordpress.com/tag/the-shining/ |access-date=January 3, 2024 |website=Mickleblog |language=en |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103012839/https://mickleblog.wordpress.com/tag/the-shining/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

Several portraits by Dorothy Oxborough of children from the Bearspaw band of the [[Nakoda people|Stoney/Nakoda]] people appear in the film.<ref name="Eyescream-2019" /><ref name="idyllopuspress">{{Cite web |title=Analysis of Kubrick's The Shining – Dorothy Oxborough's Pastels of First Nations' Children |url=http://idyllopuspress.com/idyllopus/film/sh_oxborough.htm |access-date=January 3, 2024 |website=idyllopuspress.com |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203213642/https://idyllopuspress.com/idyllopus/film/sh_oxborough.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> Oxborough's portraits were often reproduced as decorative prints, framed souvenirs, greeting cards, novelties, and calendars.<ref name="askart">{{Cite web |title=Dorothy Oxborough – Biography |url=https://www.askart.com/artist/Dorothy_Marie_Johnson_Oxborough/11140118/Dorothy_Marie_Johnson_Oxborough.aspx |access-date=January 2, 2024 |website=www.askart.com |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102063215/https://www.askart.com/artist/Dorothy_Marie_Johnson_Oxborough/11140118/Dorothy_Marie_Johnson_Oxborough.aspx |url-status=live}}</ref> Oxborough, born in [[Calgary]], Alberta, was criticized for [[infantilizing]] and [[culturally insensitive]] depictions of indigenous people.<ref name="askart" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rob |title=Oxborough paintings infantilize Indians |url=http://newspaperrock.bluecorncomics.com/2010/05/oxborough-paintings-infantilize-indians.html |access-date=January 2, 2024 |language=en |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102063215/http://newspaperrock.bluecorncomics.com/2010/05/oxborough-paintings-infantilize-indians.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="idyllopuspress" />

Four etchings by [[John Webber]] appear in the film, ''A Man of Nootka Sound'' (1778), ''A Woman of Oonalashka'' (1784), ''A Woman of Prince William Sound'' (1784), and ''A Man of Van Diemen's Land'' (1777).<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2020 |title=Three John Webber Etchings – April 1778–1784 |url=https://eyescream237.ca/three-john-webber-etchings-april-1778-1784/ |access-date=January 2, 2024 |website=EYE SCREAM |language=en |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102063215/https://eyescream237.ca/three-john-webber-etchings-april-1778-1784/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Webber accompanied [[James Cook]] on his [[Third voyage of James Cook|third voyage]] to Hawaii, New Zealand, and [[Vancouver Island]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dictionary of Australian Biography We-Wy |url=https://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks15/1500721h/0-dict-biogWe-Wy.html#webber1 |access-date=January 2, 2024 |website=gutenberg.net.au |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102063216/https://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks15/1500721h/0-dict-biogWe-Wy.html#webber1 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=March 20, 2010 |title=Webber in Nootka Sound, 1778 |url=https://qmackie.com/2010/03/20/webber-in-nootka-sound-1778/ |access-date=January 2, 2024 |website=Northwest Coast Archaeology |language=en |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102063215/https://qmackie.com/2010/03/20/webber-in-nootka-sound-1778/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Ambiguities in the film ===
[[Roger Ebert]] notes that the film does not really have a "reliable observer", with the possible exception of Dick Hallorann. Ebert believes various events call into question the reliability of Jack, Wendy and Danny.<ref name="Ebert06">{{cite news |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-the-shining-1980 |title=The Shining (1980) |first=Roger |last=Ebert |author-link=Roger Ebert |date=June 18, 2006 |newspaper=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104151920/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060618/REVIEWS08/606180302 |archive-date=January 4, 2011 |url-status=live |access-date=November 1, 2020}}</ref> This leads Ebert to conclude that:

{{blockquote|Kubrick is telling a story with ghosts (the two girls, the former caretaker and a bartender), but it isn't a "ghost story", because the ghosts may not be present in any sense at all except as visions experienced by Jack or Danny.<ref name="Ebert06" />}}

Ebert concludes that "The movie is not about ghosts but about madness and the energies it sets loose in an isolated situation primed to magnify them". The film critic [[James Berardinelli]] notes that "King would have us believe that the hotel is haunted. Kubrick is less definitive in the interpretations he offers." He dubs the film a failure as a ghost story, but brilliant as a study of "madness and the [[unreliable narrator]]".<ref name="Berardinelli">{{cite web |url=http://www.reelviews.net/php_review_template.php?identifier=1482 |title=The Shining (1980) |author=James Berardinelli |date=February 18, 2009 |publisher=REELVIEWS.com |access-date=December 23, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019094136/http://www.reelviews.net/php_review_template.php?identifier=1482 |archive-date=October 19, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Ghosts versus cabin fever ===
In some sequences, there is a question of whether or not there are ghosts present. In the scenes where Jack sees ghosts, he is always facing a mirror or, in the case of his storeroom conversation with Grady, a reflective, highly polished door. Film reviewer James Berardinelli notes "It has been pointed out that there's a mirror in every scene in which Jack sees a ghost, causing us to wonder whether the spirits are reflections of a tortured psyche."<ref name="Berardinelli" /> In ''Hollywood's Stephen King'', [[Tony Magistrale]] wrote,

<blockquote>
Kubrick's reliance on mirrors as visual aids for underscoring the thematic meaning of this film portrays visually the internal transformations and oppositions that are occurring to Jack Torrance psychologically. Through&nbsp;... these devices, Kubrick dramatizes the hotel's methodical assault on Torrance's identity, its ability to stimulate the myriad of self-doubts and anxieties by creating opportunities to warp Torrance's perspective on himself and [his family]. Furthermore, the fact that Jack looks into a mirror whenever he "speaks" to the hotel means, to some extent, that Kubrick implicates him directly into the hotel's "consciousness", because Jack is, in effect, talking to himself.<ref>Hollywood's Stephen King by Tony Magistrale Palgrave Macmillan 2003 pp.95–96</ref>
</blockquote>

Ghosts are the implied explanation for Jack's seemingly physically impossible escape from the locked storeroom. In an interview of Kubrick by scholar [[Michel Ciment]], the director made comments about the scene in the book that may imply he similarly thought of the scene in the film as a key reveal in this dichotomy:

<blockquote>
It seemed to strike an extraordinary balance between the psychological and the supernatural in such a way as to lead you to think that the supernatural would eventually be explained by the psychological: 'Jack must be imagining these things because he's crazy.' This allowed you to suspend your doubt of the supernatural until you were so thoroughly into the story that you could accept it almost without noticing&nbsp;... It's not until Grady, the ghost of the former caretaker who axed to death his family, slides open the bolt of the larder door, allowing Jack to escape, that you are left with no other explanation but the supernatural.<ref>''Kubrick'' by Michel Ciment, 1983, Holt Rinehart Winston</ref>
</blockquote>

=== <span id="The two Gradys">Two Gradys and other doubles</span> ===
Early in the film, Stuart Ullman tells Jack of a previous caretaker, Charles Grady, who, in 1970, succumbed to [[cabin fever]], murdered his family and then killed himself. Later, Jack meets a ghostly butler named Grady. Jack says that he knows about the murders, claiming to recognize Grady from pictures, but the butler introduces himself as ''Delbert'' Grady.

[[Gordon Dahlquist]] of ''The Kubrick FAQ'' argues that the name change "deliberately mirrors Jack Torrance being both the husband of Wendy/father of Danny and the mysterious man in the 1920s July Fourth photo. It is to say he is two people: the man with choice in a perilous situation and the man who has 'always' been at the Overlook. It's a mistake to see the final photo as evidence that the events of the film are predetermined: Jack has any number of moments where he can act other than the way he does and that his (poor) choices are fueled by weakness and fear perhaps merely speaks all the more to the questions about the personal and the political that ''The Shining'' brings up. In the same way Charles had a chance – once more, perhaps – to not take on Delbert's legacy, so Jack may have had a chance to escape his role as 'caretaker' to the interests of the powerful. It's the tragic course of this story that he chooses not to."<ref name="visual-memory1">{{cite web |url=http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/faq/html/shining/shining2.html#slot1120 |title=Kubrick FAQ – The Shining Part 2 |publisher=Visual-memory.co.uk |date=July 4, 1921 |access-date=June 6, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420133530/http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/faq/html/shining/shining2.html#slot1120 |archive-date=April 20, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Dahlquist's argument is that Delbert Grady, the 1920s butler, and Charles Grady, the 1970s caretaker, rather than being either two people or the same are two 'manifestations' of a similar entity; a part permanently at the hotel (Delbert) and the part which is given the choice of whether to join the legacy of the hotel's murderous past (Charles), just as the man in the photo is not exactly Jack Torrance but nor is he someone different. Jack in the photo has 'always' been at the Overlook; Jack the caretaker chooses to become part of the hotel. The film's assistant editor Gordon Stainforth has commented on this issue, attempting to steer a course between the continuity-error explanation on one side and the hidden-meaning explanation on the other; "I don't think we'll ever quite unravel this. Was his full name Charles Delbert Grady? Perhaps Charles was a sort of nickname? Perhaps Ullman got the name wrong? But I also think that Stanley did NOT want the whole story to fit together too neatly, so [it is] absolutely correct, I think, to say that 'the sum of what we learn refuses to add up neatly'."<ref name="visual-memory1" />

Among Kubrick's other doubling/mirroring effects in the film:<ref name=Nelson>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wabgZNgT9OgC |title=Kubrick: Inside a Film Artist's Maze |last=Nelson |first=Thomas Allen |date=2000 |publisher=[[Indiana University Press]] |isbn=0-253-21390-8 |access-date=October 30, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228010649/https://books.google.com/books/about/Kubrick.html?id=wabgZNgT9OgC |archive-date=December 28, 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* In the U.S. version, Jack's interview with Ullman, whose confident affability contrasts with Jack's seemingly forced nonchalance, is paired with Wendy's meeting with a female doctor, whose somber and professional manner contrasts with Wendy's nervousness.
* During the interview, Jack and Ullman are joined by a hotel employee named Bill Watson, who looks similar to Jack from behind, creating a pseudo–mirror image effect as they sit in chairs to the front-left and front-right of Ullman's desk.
* The Grady sisters look so similar that they appear to be twins, though they are different ages (Ullman states that he thinks that they were about eight and ten).
* On two occasions, Ullman says goodbye to two young female employees and in the second case, they closely resemble each other.
* The film contains two mazes, the hedges outside and, per Wendy's characterization, the Overlook. The hedge maze appears in two forms, the 13-foot-high version outside and the model inside the Overlook. In the overhead shot zooming down on Wendy and Danny in the center of the maze, the maze differs from the map outside and from the model having far more corridors, and the left and right sides are mirror images of each other. The Overlook significantly breaks down into two sections, one old and one remodeled; one past, one present.
* Two versions of the bathing woman inhabit Room 237.
* In Hallorann's Miami bedroom, two paintings showing similar nude black women are seen on opposite walls just before he experiences a "shining".
* There appear to be two Jack Torrances, the one who goes mad and freezes to death in the present and the one who appears in a 1921 photograph that hangs on the gold corridor wall inside the Overlook.

=== Photograph ===
[[File:1920s_Dancers_Royal_Palace_Hotel_-_The_Shining.jpg|thumb|upright|For the ending, Nicholson's face was [[Photograph manipulation|superimposed]] over this authentic 1921 dance picture.]]
The ending photograph has been described as "iconic".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bergeson |first1=Samantha |title=Iconic 'The Shining' Photograph Is Traced Back to a Real-Life 1921 Valentine's Day Dance in London |url=https://www.indiewire.com/news/general-news/the-shining-photograph-real-origins-discovered-1235113800/ |website=IndieWire |language=en |date=7 April 2025 |access-date=7 April 2025}}</ref> The provenance of the original photo used in the ending shot was discovered in April 2025. "Conspiracy theories" about its source have been discussed since the release of ''The Shining''. Identified on screen as a July 4 ball at the Overlook Hotel in 1921, the real event depicted was a [[Valentine's Day]] dance in 1921 at the Empress Rooms of the Royal Palace Hotel in [[Kensington]], [[London]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Butt |first1=Maira |title=Real-life chilling photograph from The Shining found decades later |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/the-shining-picture-real-b2731489.html |website=The Independent |language=en |date=11 April 2025 |access-date=11 April 2025}}</ref> Jack Nicholson's face was airbrushed over that of John Golman, who would later be a well-known [[ballroom dance]] instructor and author under the stage name [[Santos Casani]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Growcoot |first1=Matt |title=The Original Stock Photo From 'The Shining' Has Finally Been Found |url=https://petapixel.com/2025/04/08/the-original-stock-photo-that-appears-in-the-shining-has-finally-been-found/ |website=PetaPixel |language=en |date=8 April 2025 |access-date=8 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Zhu |first1=Catherine |title=45-year mystery behind eerie photo from The Shining is believed to be solved |url=https://www.cbc.ca/radio/asithappens/the-shining-photo-identification-1.7507349 |website=CBC |language=en |date=11 April 2025 |access-date=11 April 2025}}</ref>

In an interview with Michel Ciment, Kubrick said that the photograph suggests that Jack was a [[reincarnation]] of an earlier official at the hotel.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/amk/doc/interview.ts.html |title=The Kubrick Site: Kubrick speaks in regard to 'The Shining' |publisher=Visual-memory.co.uk |access-date=June 6, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703101856/http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/amk/doc/interview.ts.html |archive-date=July 3, 2007}}</ref> This has not stopped alternative readings, such as that Jack has been "absorbed" into the Overlook Hotel. Film critic Jonathan Romney, while acknowledging the absorption theory, wrote:

<blockquote>As the ghostly butler Grady (Philip Stone) tells him during their chilling confrontation in the men's toilet, 'You're the caretaker, sir. You've always been the caretaker.' Perhaps in some earlier incarnation Jack really was around in 1921, and it's his present-day self that is the shadow, the phantom photographic copy. But if his picture has been there all along, why has no one noticed it? After all, it's right at the center of the central picture on the wall, and the Torrances have had a painfully drawn-out winter of mind-numbing leisure in which to inspect every corner of the place. Is it just that, like [[Edgar Allan Poe|Poe]]'s [[The Purloined Letter|purloined letter]], the thing in plain sight is the last thing you see? When you do see it, the effect is so unsettling because you realise the unthinkable was there under your nose – overlooked – the whole time.<ref name="BFI-2012" /></blockquote>

=== Spatial layout of the Overlook Hotel ===
Screenwriter [[Todd Alcott]] has noted:
{{blockquote|Much has been written, some of it quite intelligent, about the spatial anomalies and inconsistencies in ''The Shining'': there are rooms with windows that should not be there and doors that couldn't possibly lead to anywhere, rooms appear to be in one place in one scene and another place in another, wall fixtures and furniture pieces appear and disappear from scene to scene, props move from one room to another, and the layout of the Overlook makes no physical sense.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.toddalcott.com/articles/kubrick |title=Todd Alcott:What Does the Protagonist Want? |author=Todd Alcott |date=November 29, 2010 |publisher=Todd Alcott |access-date=December 23, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101130181743/http://www.toddalcott.com/articles/kubrick |archive-date=November 30, 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref>}} <!--This reference is a self-published blog. The author, [[Todd Alcott]], is a successful screenwriter, probably best known for [[Antz]]. Thus this is allowable as a reliable source by [[WP:SELFPUBLISH]] not to be confused with [[WP:WP:SELFPUB]] the latter of which is about using self-published sources as info on themselves.-->

Artist Juli Kearns first identified and created maps of spatial discrepancies in the layout of the Overlook Hotel, the interiors of which were constructed in studios in England. These spatial discrepancies included windows appearing in impossible places, such as in Stuart Ullman's office, which is surrounded by interior hallways, and apartment doorways positioned in places where they cannot possibly lead to apartments.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.wired.com/2013/03/the-shining-theories/ |title=The 10 Most Outrageous Theories About What The Shining Really Means |first=Angela |last=Watercutter |magazine=Wired|access-date=March 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170102102856/https://www.wired.com/2013/03/the-shining-theories/|archive-date=January 2, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Rob Ager]] is another proponent of this theory.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Clarke |first1=Donald |title=Spatial Awareness in The Shining |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/blogs/screenwriter/2011/08/01/spacial-awareness-in-the-shining/ |access-date=October 3, 2014 |newspaper=Irish Times |date=August 1, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006093042/http://www.irishtimes.com/blogs/screenwriter/2011/08/01/spacial-awareness-in-the-shining/|archive-date=October 6, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Conditt |first1=Jessica |title=Duke Nukem finally figures out what's wrong in The Shining's Overlook Hotel |url=http://www.joystiq.com/2011/07/24/duke-nukem-finally-figures-out-whats-wrong-in-the-shinings-ove/ |access-date=October 3, 2014 |publisher=Joystiq.com |date=July 24, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006114443/http://www.joystiq.com/2011/07/24/duke-nukem-finally-figures-out-whats-wrong-in-the-shinings-ove/|archive-date=October 6, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Jan Harlan]], an Executive Producer on ''The Shining'', was asked about the discontinuity of sets by Xan Brooks of ''[[The Guardian]]'' and confirmed the discontinuity was intentional, "The set was very deliberately built to be offbeat and off the track, so that the huge ballroom would never actually fit inside. The audience is deliberately made not to know where they're going. People say ''The Shining'' doesn't make sense. Well spotted! It's a ghost movie. It's not supposed to make sense."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Brookes |first1=Xan |title=Shining a light inside Room 237 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/oct/18/inside-room-237-the-shining |access-date=October 3, 2014 |newspaper=The Guardian |date=October 18, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006181701/http://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/oct/18/inside-room-237-the-shining|archive-date=October 6, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> Harlan further elaborated to Kate Abbot, "Stephen King gave him the go-ahead to change his book, so Stanley agreed – and wrote a much more ambiguous script. It's clear instantly there's something foul going on. At the little hotel, everything is like [[Disney]], all [[kitsch]] wood on the outside – but the interiors don't make sense. Those huge corridors and ballrooms couldn't fit inside. In fact, nothing makes sense."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Abbott |first1=Kate |title=How we made Stanley Kubrick's The Shining |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/oct/29/how-we-made-the-shining |access-date=October 3, 2014 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=October 29, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006202503/http://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/oct/29/how-we-made-the-shining|archive-date=October 6, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Production ==
[[File:St Mary Lake.jpg|thumb|[[Saint Mary Lake]] with its Wild Goose Island is seen during the opening scene of ''The Shining''.]]

=== Development ===
Before making ''The Shining'', [[Stanley Kubrick]] directed the film ''[[Barry Lyndon]]'' (1975), a highly visual [[period film]] about an [[Irishman]] who attempts to make his way into the [[European aristocracy]]. Despite its technical achievements, the film was not a box-office success in the [[United States of America]] and was derided by critics for being too long and too slow. Disappointed with ''Barry Lyndon''{{'}}s lack of success, Kubrick realized he needed to make a film that would be commercially viable as well as artistically fulfilling. [[Stephen King]] was told that Kubrick had his staff bring him stacks of [[horror books]] as he planted himself in his office to read them all: "Kubrick's secretary heard the sound of each book hitting the wall as the director flung it into a reject pile after reading the first few pages. Finally, one day the secretary noticed it had been a while since she had heard the thud of another writer's work biting the dust. She walked in to check on her boss and found Kubrick deeply engrossed in reading a copy of the manuscript of ''[[The Shining (novel)|The Shining]]''".<ref>{{cite book |first=Vincent |last=LoBrutto |title=Stanley Kubrick, A Biography |publisher=[[Da Capo Press]] |location=Boston |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-306-80906-4 |page=412}}</ref>

Speaking about the theme of the film, Kubrick stated that "there's something inherently wrong with the human personality. There's an evil side to it. One of the things that horror stories can do is to show us the archetypes of the unconscious; we can see the dark side without having to confront it directly".<ref name="Duncan-2003">{{cite book |title=Stanley Kubrick: The Complete Films |year=2003 |first=Paul |last=Duncan |page=9 |publisher=Taschen GmbH |location=Beverly Hills, California |isbn=978-3-8365-2775-0}}</ref>

=== Writing ===
In 1977, a [[Warner Bros.]] executive, [[John Calley]], sent Kubrick the proofs of what would become the novel.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://luistormo.com/2019/06/16/el-resplandor-the-shining-1980-de-stanley-kubrick/ |title=El resplandor (The shining, 1980) de Stanley Kubrick |first=Luis |last=Tormo |date=June 16, 2019|access-date=July 5, 2021|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190945/https://luistormo.com/2019/06/16/el-resplandor-the-shining-1980-de-stanley-kubrick/|url-status=live}}</ref> Its author, Stephen King, was already at that time a best-selling author who, after the blockbuster of ''[[Carrie (1976 film)|Carrie]]'', could boast of successes in adaptations for the big screen. For his part, Kubrick had been considering directing a horror film for some time; a few years before, while ''Barry Lyndon'' disappointed at the box office,<ref>{{cite news |first=T. |last=Robey |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4524037/Barry-Lyndon-Kubricks-neglected-masterpiece.html |title=Kubrick's Neglected Masterpiece |work=telegraph.co.uk |date= |access-date=| archive-date= September 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927015549/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4524037/Barry-Lyndon-Kubricks-neglected-masterpiece.html | url-status= live}}</ref> another Warner film he had refused to direct, ''[[The Exorcist]]'',<ref>{{cite book |last=Kermode |first=Mark |title=The Exorcist |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-85170-967-3 |edition=Revised 2nd |series=BFI Modern Classics |author-link=Mark Kermode |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jLiUKCPQWj8C&pg=PA23 |page=23 |access-date=May 8, 2023 |archive-date=May 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230508103011/https://books.google.com/books?id=jLiUKCPQWj8C&pg=PA23 |url-status=live}}</ref> directed by [[William Friedkin]], was breaking box office records around the world.

Asked what it was that attracted Kubrick to the idea of adapting the novel by the popular writer, a regular on the best-seller lists, his executive producer (and brother-in-law) [[Jan Harlan]] revealed that Kubrick wanted to "try" in this film genre, although with the condition of being able to change King's novel. And that condition would finally be guaranteed by contract.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Jan Gilbert |title=Jan Harlan (producer) – The Shining, Eyes Wide Shut, etc |url=http://mymoviemundo.com/producer/jan-harlan-producer-the-shining-eyes-wide-shut-etc |access-date= August 14, 2014 |date=February 28, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140801023401/http://mymoviemundo.com/producer/jan-harlan-producer-the-shining-eyes-wide-shut-etc |archive-date= August 1, 2014}}</ref>

The script was written by the director himself with the collaboration of novelist [[Diane Johnson]], after being impressed by Johnson's 1974 novel ''[[The Shadow Knows (novel)|The Shadow Knows]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.terrortrap.com/interviews/dianejohnson/|title=The Shining Adapted: An Interview with Author Diane Johnson|first=Mark|last=Steensland|publisher=Terror Trap|date=May 2011|access-date=11 May 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://lithub.com/how-stanley-kubrick-brought-stephen-kings-the-shining-to-the-big-screen/#top|title=How Stanley Kubrick Brought Stephen King's The Shining to the Big Screen|first1=Robert P.|last1=Kolker|first2=Nathan|last2=Abrams|publisher=Literary Hub|date=8 February 2024|access-date=11 May 2025}}</ref> Kubrick had rejected the initial version of the draft, written by King, as too literal an adaptation of the novel.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://screenrant.com/shining-movie-original-script-no-dick-hallorann-death-explained/ |title=The Shining's Original Script DIDN'T Kill Dick Hallorann (Why It Changed) |date=September 9, 2020 |website=ScreenRant| access-date= July 5, 2021| archive-date= July 9, 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183255/https://screenrant.com/shining-movie-original-script-no-dick-hallorann-death-explained/| url-status= live}}</ref> Furthermore, the filmmaker did not believe in ghost stories because that "would imply the possibility that there was [[Afterlife|something after death]]," and he did not believe there was anything, "not even [[hell]]." Instead, Johnson, who was teaching a [[Gothic novel]] seminar at the [[University of California, Berkeley|University of California]] at [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]] at the time, seemed like a better fit for the project.<ref name="visual-memory">{{Cite web |url=http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/amk/doc/interview.ts.html |title=The Kubrick Site: Kubrick speaks in regard to 'The Shining' |website=visual-memory.co.uk|access-date=January 20, 2009|archive-date=July 3, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703101856/http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/amk/doc/interview.ts.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She was visiting England in late 1976 when she received a cold call from Kubrick asking her to discuss the project.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=Rinzler |first1=J. W. |title=[[Stanley Kubrick's The Shining (book)|Stanley Kubrick's The Shining]] |last2=Unkrich |first2=Lee |date=2024 |publisher=Taschen |isbn=978-3-7544-0003-6 |location=Köln [Paris] |page=117, 139}}</ref>

Kubrick and Johnson took inspiration from 18th and 19th century Gothic novels, [[Sigmund Freud]]'s essay on the uncanny, the book [[The Uses of Enchantment]] (1976), and the short story [[The Blue Hotel]] (1898).<ref name=":0" />

Shortly after the premiere, in an interview with the [[Paris]]ian magazine ''[[Positif (magazine)|Positif]]'', she stated:

{{blockquote|Among us, ''The Shining'' (the novel) is not part of great literature. It is scary, it is effective and it works, without further ado&nbsp;... But it is precisely interesting to see how a very bad book can also be very effective.-
&nbsp;... It's quite pretentious. But it is also true that one has less scruples when destroying it: one is aware that a great work of art is not being destroyed.<ref>Diane Johnson a Denis Barbier. ''Positif'', núm. 238, January 1981.</ref>}}

Kubrick was more enthusiastic about the possibilities of the manuscript:

{{blockquote|It was the first time that I had read to the end a novel that was sent to me with a view to a possible film adaptation. I was absorbed in its reading and it seemed to me that its plot, ideas and structure were much more imaginative than usual in the horror genre; I thought that a great movie could come from there.<ref>Stanley Kubrick a Vicente Molina Foix, ''El País'' (Artes), núm. 59; Madrid, 1980-12-20</ref>}}

=== Casting ===
[[File:The Shining casting ad.jpg|thumb|left|upright=.5|Newspaper ad for the role of Danny Torrance]]
[[Jack Nicholson]] was Kubrick's first choice for the role of [[Jack Torrance]]; other actors considered included [[Robert De Niro]] (who said the film gave him nightmares for a month),<ref>{{cite AV media |title=Interview with Robert De Niro |publisher=[[B105 FM]] |date=September 20, 2007}}</ref> [[Robin Williams]] and [[Harrison Ford]], all of whom met with King's disapproval.<ref>{{cite AV media |title=Interview with Stephen King |publisher=B105 FM |date=November 21, 2007}}</ref> [[Kris Kristofferson]] was Kubrick's backup choice if Nicholson had declined.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/robin-williams-role-the-shining/ |title=Was Robin Williams Considered for the Role of Jack Torrance in 'The Shining'? |first=David |last=Emery |date=January 20, 2023 |website=Snopes|access-date=September 27, 2023|archive-date=September 28, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928000008/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/robin-williams-role-the-shining/|url-status=live}}</ref> King, for his part, disavowed Nicholson because he thought that, because of his part in ''[[One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (film)|One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest]]'', the viewer would tend to consider him an unstable individual from the beginning. For this reason, King preferred [[Jon Voight]], [[Michael Moriarty]] or [[Martin Sheen]] for the role, who would more faithfully represent the profile of the ordinary individual who is gradually driven to madness.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.novelsuspects.com/excerpts/the-shining/ |title=A Horror Classic To Remember: The Shining |date=October 22, 2020| access-date=July 5, 2021| archive-date=July 9, 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184416/https://www.novelsuspects.com/excerpts/the-shining/| url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.viddy-well.com/top-5/fun-facts-about-the-shining |title=5 Fun Facts About The Shining |website=Viddy-Well.com|access-date=July 5, 2021|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190640/https://www.viddy-well.com/top-5/fun-facts-about-the-shining|url-status=live}}</ref> In any case, from the beginning the writer was told that the actor for the lead role "was not negotiable".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://es.scribd.com/doc/26865046/GUION-EL-RESPLANDOR-de-Stanley-Kubrick| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116132821/http://es.scribd.com/doc/26865046/GUION-EL-RESPLANDOR-de-Stanley-Kubrick|url-status= dead| archive-date=January 16, 2013 |title=Guión – El Resplandor de Stanley Kubrick |date=January 16, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media |people=Stephen King |title=Stephen King at the Movies |publisher=Starlog Press |location=New York York |year=1986 |url=http://www.apocatastasis.com/kubrick-el-resplandor.php#axzz1qpegVTyp |language=es |website=Apocatastasis.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928102516/https://www.apocatastasis.com/kubrick-el-resplandor.php#axzz1qpegVTyp |archive-date=September 28, 2022}}</ref>

Although Nicholson initially suggested that [[Jessica Lange]] would be a better fit for the role of [[Wendy Torrance]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://screenrant.com/shining-movie-wendy-torrance-duvall-jessica-lange/ |title=How AHS' Jessica Lange Was Almost In The Shining (& Why She Wasn't Cast) |date=December 30, 2020 |website=ScreenRant|access-date=July 5, 2021|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184324/https://screenrant.com/shining-movie-wendy-torrance-duvall-jessica-lange/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Shelley Duvall]] knew early that she was the one cast for the role (Nicholson would work with Lange on his next movie, ''[[The Postman Always Rings Twice (1981 film)|The Postman Always Rings Twice]]''). Wendy's character in the film differs from the novel, appearing less capable and more vulnerable. Throughout filming, Kubrick pushed Duvall, she said, "to get the performance out of me that he wanted".<ref name="ComingSoon">{{cite web |last1=Gambin |first1=Lee |title=Interview: Shelley Duvall on The Shining |url=https://www.comingsoon.net/horror/features/787573-interview-shelley-duvall-on-the-shining |website=ComingSoon.net |publisher=Evolve Media Holdings, LLC |access-date=July 14, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121073920/http://www.comingsoon.net/horror/features/787573-interview-shelley-duvall-on-the-shining |archive-date=November 21, 2016 |language=en |date=November 19, 2016 |quote=Oh, Stanley really gets a bad reputation sometimes but he was a perfectionist. We had our moments when we laughed and joked around on set, but then there were times that we just exploded at each other! I'm a very stubborn person and don't like being bossed around and told what to do, Stanley pushed and pushed to get the performance out of me that he wanted. |url-status=live |editor-last1=Alexander |editor-first1=Chris}}</ref> King said in a 1978 interview that the casting of Duvall was "an example of absolutely grotesque casting".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cinefantastique |url=http://archive.org/details/CinefantastiqueVol08No11978 |title=Cinefantastique Vol 08 No 1 (Winter 1978) |date=1978 |pages=15}}</ref>

[[Slim Pickens]] was offered the role of [[Dick Hallorann]], but Pickens remembered his experience of working with Kubrick on ''[[Dr. Strangelove]]'' and told the director that he would take the role only if his scenes in the film were shot in fewer than 100 takes. Kubrick declined and [[Scatman Crothers]] got the part after he had been suggested by Pickens's agent.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://screenrant.com/shining-actor-dick-hallorann-role-slim-pickens/ |title=The Shining: The Actor Who Almost Played Dick Hallorann |first=Jessica |last=Beebe |date=September 2, 2020 |website=ScreenRant|access-date=March 29, 2024|archive-date=July 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710212859/https://screenrant.com/shining-actor-dick-hallorann-role-slim-pickens/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The director's initial candidate to play the Torrances' son [[Danny Torrance]] was [[Cary Guffey]] (''[[Close Encounters of the Third Kind]]''), but the young actor's parents refused, saying the film was too gruesome for a child. In his search to find the right actor to play Danny, Kubrick sent Leon (who portrayed Lord Bullingdon in ''Barry Lyndon'') and Kersti Vitali, a husband-and-wife team, to [[Chicago]], [[Denver]] and [[Cincinnati]] to create an interview pool of 5,000 boys over a six-month period. These cities were chosen since Kubrick was looking for a boy with an accent that fell between Jack Nicholson's and Shelley Duvall's speech patterns, with Nicholson coming from New Jersey and Duvall from Texas.<ref>LoBrutto, p. 420</ref> During the filming, [[Danny Lloyd]], the young actor selected, was protected in a special way by Kubrick; the boy believed at all times that he was shooting a [[Drama film|drama]], not a horror movie. Following his role in the 1982 film ''[[Will: G. Gordon Liddy]]'', Lloyd abandoned his acting career.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/cultura/20171030/432466314934/danny-lloyd-nino-el-resplandor.html |title=Así es el niño de 'El resplandor' en la actualidad |date=October 29, 2017 |website=La Vanguardia|access-date=July 5, 2021|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183613/https://www.lavanguardia.com/cultura/20171030/432466314934/danny-lloyd-nino-el-resplandor.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/oct/27/danny-lloyd-the-kid-in-the-shining-i-was-promised-that-tricycle-after-filming-but-it-never-came |title=Danny Lloyd – the kid in the Shining: 'I was promised that tricycle after filming but it never came' |newspaper=The Guardian |date=October 27, 2017 |last1=Clarke |first1=Cath | access-date=September 26, 2023 | archive-date=September 7, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230907184856/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/oct/27/danny-lloyd-the-kid-in-the-shining-i-was-promised-that-tricycle-after-filming-but-it-never-came | url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Filming ===

Principal photography began in May 1978 and wrapped in April 1979, it took place mainly in [[Elstree Studios (Shenley Road)|Elstree Studios]], in southern England.

[[File:Ahwahnee Hotel - Great Lounge.jpg|thumb|The [[Ahwahnee Hotel]]'s Great Lounge was, in large part, the model for the Overlook Hotel's Colorado Lounge set in [[Elstree Studios (Shenley Road)|Elstree Studios]].]]

==== Interior sets ====

Having chosen King's novel as a basis for his next project, and after a pre-production phase, Kubrick had sets constructed on soundstages at EMI Elstree Studios in [[Borehamwood]], [[Hertfordshire]], England. Some of the interior designs of the Overlook Hotel set were based on those of the [[Ahwahnee Hotel]] in [[Yosemite National Park]]. To enable him to shoot the scenes in loose chronological order, he used several stages at EMI Elstree Studios in order to make all sets available during the complete duration of production. The set for the Overlook Hotel was at the time the largest ever built at Elstree, including a life-size re-creation of the exterior of the hotel.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://idyllopuspress.com/idyllopus/film/shining_closing_day.htm |title=Kubrick's ''The Shining'' – Closing Day |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219031116/http://idyllopuspress.com/idyllopus/film/shining_closing_day.htm |archive-date=December 19, 2013 |website=Idyllopuspress.com}}</ref> In February 1979, the Colorado Lounge set at Elstree was badly damaged in a fire, causing a delay in the production.<ref>{{cite web |title=Stanley Kubrick on the burned down set of ''The Shining'' |url=http://filmmakeriq.com/images/stanley-kubrick-on-the-burnt-down-set-of-the-shining/ |access-date=March 13, 2017 |work=FilmMaker IQ|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313220526/http://filmmakeriq.com/images/stanley-kubrick-on-the-burnt-down-set-of-the-shining/|archive-date=March 13, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Kubrick at Elstree: The fire that almost axed The Shining |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p027vf9p |access-date=March 13, 2017 |work=BBC Arts |date=October 3, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016152112/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p027vf9p|archive-date=October 16, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/the-shining-film-kubrick-40-anniversary-horror-jack-nicholson-making-of-a9525881.html |title='Making the Shining was hell': How tormented stars, Kubrick's temper and box-office disaster led to a classic |website=[[Independent.co.uk]] |date=May 22, 2020 | access-date=September 24, 2023 | archive-date=September 23, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230923223827/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/the-shining-film-kubrick-40-anniversary-horror-jack-nicholson-making-of-a9525881.html | url-status=live}}</ref>

==== Exterior locations ====
[[File:Timberline Lodge, Oregon (2013) - 04.JPG|thumb|left|The [[Timberline Lodge]] in Oregon, which served as the exterior of the Overlook Hotel]]
While most of the film was shot on interior sets and the full-scale exterior facade replica at [[Elstree Studios]], a second-unit crew headed by [[Jan Harlan]] shot some sequences on location in the [[American West]]. [[Saint Mary Lake]] and its Wild Goose Island in [[Glacier National Park (U.S.)|Glacier National Park]], Montana were featured in the [[aerial shot]]s of the opening scenes, with the [[Volkswagen Beetle]] driving along [[Going-to-the-Sun Road]]. The [[Timberline Lodge]] on [[Mount Hood]] in Oregon was filmed for a few of the [[establishing shot]]s of the fictional Overlook Hotel; absent in these shots is the hedge maze, which the real Timberline Lodge does not have. The Ahwahnee Hotel (the Overlook Hotel's main interior reference) and the Timberline Lodge (the hotel's main exterior) were both designed by architect [[Gilbert Stanley Underwood]], in the 1920s and 1930s respectively.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/sontag/underwood.htm |title=Gilbert Stanley Underwood |publisher=National Park Service: The First 75 Years |access-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-date=October 6, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006103811/https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/sontag/underwood.htm |url-status=live}}</ref>

Outtakes of the opening panorama shots were later used by [[Ridley Scott]] for the closing moments of the original cut of the film ''[[Blade Runner]]'' (1982).<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://hollywoodreporter.com/news/ridley-scott-reveals-stanley-kubrick-847447 |title=Ridley Scott Reveals Stanley Kubrick Gave Him Footage From 'The Shining' for 'Blade Runner' Ending |work=The Hollywood Reporter| access-date=June 12, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114141701/https://hollywoodreporter.com/news/ridley-scott-reveals-stanley-kubrick-847447|archive-date=January 14, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>{{Clear}}

=== Photography ===
[[File:All work and no play... (8648670619).jpg|thumb|Page from ''The Shining'' screenplay highlighting the addition of the "[[All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy]]" scene|right]]
''The Shining'' had a very prolonged and arduous production period, often with very long workdays. Principal photography took over a year to complete, due to Kubrick's highly methodical nature. Actress Shelley Duvall frequently argued with Kubrick on set about lines in the script and her acting techniques.<ref name="ComingSoon"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/interview-with-shelley-duvall|title=Interview with Shelley Duvall &#124; Interviews &#124; Roger Ebert|date=December 14, 2012|website=www.rogerebert.com}}</ref> Nicholson was living in London with his then-girlfriend [[Anjelica Huston]] and her younger sister, [[Allegra Huston|Allegra]], who testified to his long shooting days.<ref>{{cite book |last=Huston |first=Allegra |title=Love Child, a Memoir of Family Lost and Found |publisher=Simon & Schuster |year=2009 |page=214}}</ref> Joe Turkel stated in a 2014 interview that they rehearsed the "bar scene" for six weeks and that the shoot day lasted from 9&nbsp;a.m. to 10:30&nbsp;p.m., with Turkel recollecting that his clothes were soaked in perspiration by the end of the day's shoot. He also described it as his favorite scene in the film.<ref>{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g3B10XziCZU?t=50s  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/g3B10XziCZU |archive-date=December 22, 2021 |url-status=live |title=Joe Turkel, Co Star of "Blade Runner" and "The Shining", at Days Of The Dead Horror Con |last=ZFOnline |date=October 6, 2014 |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

For the final Gold Room sequence, Kubrick instructed the extras (via megaphone) not to talk, "but to mime conversation to each other. Kubrick knew from years of scrutinizing thousands of films that extras could often mime their business by nodding and using large gestures that look fake. He told them to act naturally to give the scene a chilling sense of time-tripping realism as Jack walks from the seventies into the [[Roaring Twenties|roaring twenties]]".<ref>LoBrutto, p. 437</ref>

[[File:Typewriter.Shining.jpg|thumb|Jack's typewriter]]

[[File:Ahwahnee Hotel - Lobby.jpeg|thumb|A hallway in the [[Ahwahnee Hotel]]]]

For the international versions of the film, Kubrick shot different takes of Wendy reading the typewriter pages containing "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy" in different languages. For each language, a suitable idiom was used: German (''Was du heute kannst besorgen, das verschiebe nicht auf Morgen''&nbsp;/ "Never put off till tomorrow what may be done today"), Italian (''Il mattino ha l'oro in bocca''&nbsp;/ "The morning has gold in its mouth"), French (''Un «Tiens» vaut mieux que deux «Tu l'auras»''&nbsp;/ "One 'here you go' is worth more than two 'you'll have it{{'"}}, the equivalent of "A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush"), Spanish (''No por mucho madrugar amanece más temprano''&nbsp;/ "No matter how early you get up, you can't make the sun rise any sooner.")<ref name="The Independent">{{cite news |last1=Hooton |first1=Christopher |date=June 11, 2015 |title=Read the alternative phrases to 'All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy' Stanley Kubrick considered for The Shining |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/read-the-alternative-phrases-to-all-work-and-no-play-makes-jack-a-dull-boy-stanley-kubrick-10312563.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201235247/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/read-the-alternative-phrases-to-all-work-and-no-play-makes-jack-a-dull-boy-stanley-kubrick-10312563.html |archive-date=February 1, 2017 |access-date=January 19, 2017 |newspaper=The Independent}}</ref>

The door that Jack chops through with the axe near the end of the film was real; Kubrick originally shot this scene with a fake door, but Nicholson, who had worked as a volunteer [[fire marshal]] and a firefighter in the [[California Air National Guard]],<ref>{{cite book |title=Jack's Life: A Biography of Jack Nicholson |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AdQDYqBmmJYC |first=Patrick |last=McGilligan |publisher=W. W. Norton & Company |year=1996 |isbn=0-393-31378-6 |pages=126|access-date=September 26, 2019|archive-date=August 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803182925/https://books.google.com/books?id=AdQDYqBmmJYC|url-status=live}}</ref> tore through it too quickly. Jack's line, "Heeeere's Johnny!", is taken from [[Ed McMahon]]'s introduction to ''[[The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson]]'', and was improvised by Nicholson. Kubrick, who had lived in England for some time, was unaware of the significance of the line, and nearly used a different take.<ref>Jack Nicholson in interview with Michel Ciment in ''Kubrick: The Definitive Edition p. 198''</ref> Later that year, Carson would use this clip to open his 18th anniversary show.

During production, Kubrick screened [[David Lynch]]'s ''[[Eraserhead]]'' (1977) to the cast and crew, to convey the mood he wanted to achieve for the film.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uncut.co.uk/david-lynch/eraserhead-the-short-films-of-david-lynch-review |title=Eraserhead, The Short Films Of David Lynch |last=Roberts |first=Chris |work=uncut.co.uk |access-date=August 28, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212011426/http://www.uncut.co.uk/david-lynch/eraserhead-the-short-films-of-david-lynch-review|archive-date=December 12, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>

The ''[[Guinness Book of Records]]'' gave the record for the scene with the most retakes in cinematic history to the sequence where Wendy walks backward up the stairs fending off Jack with a baseball bat, at 127 times.<ref name="Guinness-Twitter"/><ref name="Guardian-Difficult">{{cite magazine |first=Noah |last=Gittell |date=March 31, 2017 |url=https://theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2017/mar/31/most-difficult-scenes-ever-filmed-cinema-history |title=Let's try that again ... the most difficult scenes to film in cinema history |magazine=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=March 10, 2022 |archive-date=June 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601145356/https://amp.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2017/mar/31/most-difficult-scenes-ever-filmed-cinema-history |url-status=live}}</ref> In July 2020, ''Guinness'' updated the record to 148 takes, for the scene where Danny and Dick Hallorann discuss the ability to shine.<ref name="Guinness">{{cite web|url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/74583-most-retakes-for-one-scene-with-dialogue|title=Most retakes for one scene with dialogue|website=[[The Guinness Book of Records]]|access-date=July 12, 2024}}</ref><ref name="Guinness-Twitter">{{cite tweet |author=Guinness World Records |author-link=The Guinness Book of Records |user=GWR |number=1280921339331837952 |date=July 8, 2020 |title=Most retakes for a scene with dialogue |access-date=July 15, 2024}}</ref> In the film historian book [[Stanley Kubrick's The Shining (book)|''Stanley Kubrick's The Shining'']], [[Lee Unkrich]] disputes the 127 takes claim, writing, "It was reported by a crew member who wasn't even on the set when it was shot ...{{nbsp}}The shot that has the most takes in the entire film [66] that no one talks about is the big, long dolly shot that brought Jack and Wendy and the hotel manager into the Gold Ballroom at the beginning of the movie."<ref name="Desowitz">{{cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/features/craft/lee-unkrich-pixar-shining-stanley-kubrick-book-1234820940/|title=''The Shining'' Book Sets Record Straight on Kubrick's Multiple Takes, Shelley Duvall, and Cheese Sandwiches|date=March 21, 2023|first=Bill|last=Desowitz|website=[[IndieWire]]|access-date=July 12, 2024}}</ref>

==== Steadicam ====
''The Shining'' was among the early half-dozen films (after the films ''[[Bound for Glory (1976 film)|Bound for Glory]]'', ''[[Marathon Man (film)|Marathon Man]]'', and ''[[Rocky]]'', all released in 1976), to use the newly developed [[Steadicam]],<ref>Serena Ferrara, Steadicam: Techniques and Aesthetics (Oxford: Focal Press, 2000), 26–31.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2023/film/news/stanley-kubrick-shining-taschen-book-lee-unkrich-1235556874/|title=How a New Book Unearths the Secrets of 'The Shining,' from Stanley Kubrick-Shelley Duvall Clashes to a Werner Herzog Set Visit|first=Todd|last=Gilchrist|date=March 16, 2023}}</ref> a stabilizing mount for a [[motion picture camera]], which mechanically separates the operator's movement from the camera's, allowing smooth tracking shots while the operator is moving over an uneven surface. It essentially combines the stabilized steady footage of a regular mount with the fluidity and flexibility of a handheld camera. The inventor of the Steadicam, [[Garrett Brown]], was heavily involved with the production of ''The Shining''. Brown has described his excitement taking his first tour of the sets, which offered "further possibilities for the Steadicam". This tour convinced Brown to become personally involved with the production. Kubrick was not "just talking of stunt shots and staircases". Rather he would use the Steadicam "as it was intended to be used&nbsp;— as a tool which can help get the lens where it's wanted in space and time without the classic limitations of the dolly and crane". Brown used an 18&nbsp;mm Cooke lens that allowed the Steadicam to pass within an inch of walls and door frames.<ref>LoBrutto, p. 426</ref> Brown published an article in ''[[American Cinematographer]]'' about his experience,<ref name="Brown">{{cite journal |journal=American Cinematographer |author=Brown, Garrett |date=August 1980 |volume=61 |issue=8 |title=The Steadicam and The Shining |url=http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/sk/ac/page2.htm |archive-date=April 13, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120413131605/http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/sk/ac/page2.htm}} </ref> and contributed to the audio commentary on the 2007 DVD release.

Kubrick personally aided in modifying the Steadicam's video transmission technology. Brown states his own abilities to operate the Steadicam were refined by working on Kubrick's film. For this film, Brown developed a two-handed technique, which enabled him to maintain the camera at one height while panning and tilting the camera. In addition to tracking shots from behind, the Steadicam enabled shooting in constricted rooms without flying out walls, or backing the camera into doors.<ref name="Brown" /> Brown notes that:
{{cquote|One of the most talked-about shots in the picture is the eerie tracking sequence which follows Danny as he pedals at high speed through corridor after corridor on his plastic [[Big Wheel (tricycle)|Big Wheel]] tricycle. The soundtrack explodes with noise when the wheel is on wooden flooring and is abruptly silent as it crosses over carpet. We needed to have the lens just a few inches from the floor and to travel rapidly just behind or ahead of the bike.<ref name="Brown" />
}}

This required the Steadicam to be on a special mount resembling a wheelchair, in which the operator sat while pulling a platform with the sound man. The weight of the rig and its occupants proved to be too much for the original tires, resulting in a blowout one day that almost caused a serious crash. Solid tires were then mounted on the rig. Kubrick also had a highly accurate speedometer mounted on the rig so as to duplicate the exact tempo of a given shot so that Brown could perform successive identical takes.<ref>LoBrutto, p. 436</ref> Brown also discusses how the scenes in the hedge maze were shot with a Steadicam.<ref name="Brown" />

=== Music and soundtrack ===
The stylistically [[Modernism (music)|modernist]] [[Art music|art-music]] chosen by Kubrick is similar to the repertoire he first explored in ''[[2001: A Space Odyssey]]''. Although the repertoire was selected by Kubrick, the process of matching passages of music to motion picture was left almost entirely at the discretion of [[music editor]] Gordon Stainforth, whose work on this film is known for attention to fine details and remarkably precise synchronization without excessive splicing.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Barham |first1=J.M. |title=Terror Tracks: Music and Sound in Horror Cinema |date=2009 |publisher=Equinox Press |location=London, U.K.|chapter-url=http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/1956/ |isbn=978-1-84553-202-4 |pages=137–170 |chapter=Incorporating Monsters: Music as Context, Character and Construction in Kubrick's ''The Shining''|access-date=July 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804133256/http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/1956/|archive-date=August 4, 2017}}{{open access}}</ref>

The soundtrack album on LP was withdrawn due to problems with licensing of the music.<ref>{{cite book |last=Gengaro |first=Christine Lee |date=2013 |title=Listening to Stanley Kubrick: The Music in His Films |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |page=190 |isbn=978-0-8108-8564-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=LoBrutto |first=Vincent |date=1999 |title=Listening to Stanley Kubrick: The Music in His Films |publisher=Da Capo Press |page=448 |isbn=978-0-306-80906-4}}</ref> The LP soundtrack omits some pieces heard in the film, and also includes complete versions of pieces of which only fragments are heard in the film.

The non-original music on the soundtrack is as follows:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archiviokubrick.it/risorse/saggi/The_Music_in_The_Shining.pdf |title=The Music in ''The Shining'' |last=Sbravatti |first=Valerio |date=2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181024042850/http://www.archiviokubrick.it/risorse/saggi/The_Music_in_The_Shining.pdf|archive-date=October 24, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

# ''[[Dies Irae#Music|Dies Irae]]'' segment from "[[Symphonie fantastique]]" by [[Hector Berlioz]], performed by [[Wendy Carlos]] and [[Rachel Elkind]]
# "Lontano" by [[György Ligeti]], [[Ernest Bour]] [[conducting]] the [[Southwest German Radio Symphony Orchestra]] ([[Wergo Records]])
# "[[Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta]]" by [[Béla Bartók]], [[Herbert von Karajan]] conducting the [[Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra]] ([[Deutsche Grammophon]])
# "[[Utrenja]]" – excerpts from the "Ewangelia" and "Kanon Paschalny II" movements by [[Krzysztof Penderecki]], [[Andrzej Markowski]] conducting the [[Warsaw National Philharmonic Orchestra]] ([[Polskie Nagrania Muza|Polskie Nagrania Records]])
# "[[The Awakening of Jacob]]", "[[De Natura Sonoris]] No. 1" (the latter not on the soundtrack album, [[Cracow Philharmonic Orchestra]] conducted by [[Henryk Czyż]]) and "[[De Natura Sonoris]] No. 2" by Krzysztof Penderecki (Warsaw National Philharmonic Orchestra, conducted by Andrzej Markowski, Polskie Nagrania Records)
# "Home", performed by [[Henry Hall (bandleader)|Henry Hall]] and the [[Gleneagles Hotel]] Band. By permission of Decca Record Co. Remaster by Keith Gooden & Geoff Milne, 1977. (Decca DDV {{not a typo|5001/2}})
# "[[Midnight, the Stars and You]]" by [[Harry M. Woods]], [[Jimmy Campbell and Reg Connelly]], performed by [[Ray Noble]] and his Orchestra, vocalist [[Al Bowlly]]

Segments that did not appear on the soundtrack album also include:

# "It's All Forgotten Now" by Ray Noble, performed by Noble and his Orchestra
# "Masquerade", performed by [[Jack Hylton]] and his Orchestra
# "[[Kanon (liturgy)|Kanon]]" (for string orchestra) by Krzysztof Penderecki
# "[[Polymorphia]]" (for string orchestra) by Krzysztof Penderecki, Cracow Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by [[Henryk Czyż]]

Upon their arrival at Elstree Studios, [[Wendy Carlos]] and [[Rachel Elkind]] were shown the first version of the film by Kubrick: "The film was a little on the long side. There were great gobs of scenes that never made it to the film. There was a whole strange and mystical scene in which Jack Nicholson discovers objects that have been arranged in his working space in the ballroom with arrows and things. He walks down and thinks he hears a voice and a ghost throws a ball back to him. None of that made it to the final film. We scored a lot of those. We didn't know what was going to be used for sure".<ref>LoBrutto, p. 447</ref> After having something similar happen to her on [[A Clockwork Orange (film)|''A Clockwork Orange'']]'','' Carlos has said that she was so disillusioned by Kubrick's actions that she vowed never to work with him again. She and Elkind had considered legal action against Kubrick, but because no formal contract was in place, they reluctantly accepted the situation. Carlos's own music was released in its near entirety in 2005 as part of her ''Rediscovering Lost Scores'' compilation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wendycarlos.com/+rls2.html |title=Wendy Carlos, Lost Scores 2 |website=Wendycarlos.com|access-date=September 10, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160909052702/http://www.wendycarlos.com/+rls2.html|archive-date=September 9, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Release ==
Unlike Kubrick's previous works, which developed audiences gradually through word-of-mouth, ''The Shining'' initially opened on 10 screens in [[New York City]] and [[Los Angeles]] on the [[Memorial Day]] weekend, then was released as a mass-market film nationwide within a month.<ref>LoBrutto, Vincent. ''Stanley Kubrick: A Biography'', p. 449 <!-- additional book info. needed --></ref><ref name=open>{{cite magazine |magazine=[[Daily Variety]] |date=September 20, 1994 |page=24 |title=All-Time Opening Weekends: 50 Screens or Less}}</ref><ref name=AFI>{{AFI film|67203}}</ref> The European release of ''The Shining'' a few months later was 25 minutes shorter due to Kubrick's removal of most of the scenes taking place outside the environs of the hotel.

=== Post-release edit ===
After its premiere and a week into the general run (with a running time of 146 minutes), Kubrick cut a scene at the end that took place in a hospital. The scene shows Wendy in a bed talking with Mr. Ullman, who explains that Jack's body could not be found; he then gives Danny a yellow tennis ball, presumably the same one that Jack was throwing around the hotel. This scene was subsequently physically cut out of prints by projectionists and sent back to the studio by order of [[Warner Bros.]], the film's distributor. This cut the film's running time to 144 minutes. [[Roger Ebert]] commented: {{blockquote|If Jack did indeed freeze to death in the labyrinth, of course his body was found{{snd}}and sooner rather than later, since Dick Hallorann alerted the forest rangers to serious trouble at the hotel. If Jack's body was not found, what happened to it? Was it never there? Was it absorbed into the past and does that explain Jack's presence in that final photograph of a group of hotel party-goers in 1921? Did Jack's violent pursuit of his wife and child exist entirely in Wendy's imagination, or Danny's, or theirs?&nbsp;... Kubrick was wise to remove that epilogue. It pulled one rug too many out from under the story. At some level, it is necessary for us to believe the three members of the Torrance family are actually residents in the hotel during that winter, whatever happens or whatever they think happens.<ref name=Ebert06 />}}

The general consensus among those who saw the first few shows was that the film was better without it because keeping it would weaken the Overlook's threat to the family and reintroduce Ullman, who had barely had a leading role in the story, into the conflict.<ref name="Hospital">{{cite web |url=http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~butting/shining/hospital.html |title=The hospital scene |access-date=May 5, 2012 |work=The Shining. Visual differences between versions |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226204709/http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~butting/shining/hospital.html |archive-date=December 26, 2016}}</ref> Co-writer Diane Johnson revealed that Kubrick had a certain "compassion" from the beginning for the fate of Wendy and Danny, and in that sense the hospital scene would give a sense of a return to normality. Johnson, on the other hand, was in favor of a more tragic outcome: she proposed the death of Danny Torrance. For Shelley Duvall, "Kubrick was wrong, because the scene explained some important things, such as the meaning of the yellow ball and the role that the hotel manager played in the intrigue."<ref name="Hospital" /> Kubrick decided that the film worked better without the scene.<ref name="RoughGuide">{{Cite web |url=http://theshining.20m.com/ |title='The Shining' A Rough Guide |access-date=May 6, 2012 |last=Gray |first=Stuart |language=en |archive-date=April 28, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120428100346/http://theshining.20m.com/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== European version ===
For its release in Europe, Kubrick cut about 25 minutes from the film.<ref>{{cite journal |journal=Monthly Film Bulletin |author=Combs, Richard |date=November 1980 |volume=47 |issue=562 |page=221 |title=The Shining |url=https://sightandsounddigital.bfi.org.uk/custompages/SightAndSound/subscribe.aspx |language=en |access-date=November 14, 2020 |archive-date=November 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114040141/http://sightandsounddigital.bfi.org.uk/custompages/SightAndSound/subscribe.aspx |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Shine On...and Out |url=http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/sk/films/cutshining.htm |website=www.visual-memory.co.uk|access-date=April 4, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020151547/http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/sk/films/cutshining.htm|archive-date=October 20, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Wurm |first1=Gerald |date=November 30, 2010 |title=Shining (Comparison: International Version – US Version) – Movie-Censorship.com |url=http://movie-censorship.com/report.php?ID=1215 |website=movie-censorship.com|access-date=January 29, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714122053/http://movie-censorship.com/report.php?ID=1215|archive-date=July 14, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> The excised scenes included: a longer meeting between Jack and Watson at the hotel; Danny being attended by a doctor (Anne Jackson), including references to Tony and how Jack once injured Danny in a drunken rage; more footage of Hallorann's attempts to get to the hotel during the snowstorm, including a sequence with a garage attendant (Tony Burton); extended dialogue scenes at the hotel; and a scene where Wendy discovers a group of skeletons in the hotel lobby during the climax. Jackson and Burton are credited in the European print, despite their scenes having been excised from the movie. According to Harlan, Kubrick decided to cut some sequences because the film was "not very well received", and also after Warner Brothers had complained about its ambiguity and length.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wigley |first1=Samuel |date=June 1, 2015 |title=Producing The Shining: Jan Harlan on Kubrick |url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/interviews/producing-shining-jan-harlan-kubrick |publisher=[[British Film Institute]]|access-date=October 4, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906164710/http://www.bfi.org.uk/news/producing-shining-jan-harlan-kubrick|archive-date=September 6, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

The scene when Jack writes obsessively on the typewriter "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy" was re-shot a number of times, but changing the language of the typed copy to Italian, French, Spanish, and German, in order to match the respective dubbed languages.<ref name="The Independent" />

Three alternative takes were used in a British television commercial.<ref name=gerke>{{cite web |url=https://bigother.com/2011/08/14/on-newfound-footage-from-stanely-kubricks-the-shining/ |title=On Newfound Footage from Stanley Kubrick's The Shining |first=Greg |last=Gerke |date=August 14, 2011 |website=BIG OTHER|access-date=April 5, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406111522/https://bigother.com/2011/08/14/on-newfound-footage-from-stanely-kubricks-the-shining/|archive-date=April 6, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Television ===
The U.S. network television premiere of ''The Shining'' (on ''[[The ABC Sunday Night Movie|The ABC Friday Night Movie]]'' of May 6, 1983)<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Crist |first1=Judith |date=April 30, 1983 |title=This Week's Movies |journal=TV Guide |pages=A5–A6}}</ref> started with a placard saying, "Tonight's Film Deals With the Supernatural, As a Possessed Man Attempts to Destroy His Family."<ref>{{cite news |title=Opening teaser for the network television airing... – the-overlook-hotel |url=http://www.theoverlookhotel.com/post/123747281568/opening-teaser-for-the-network-television-airing|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408171621/http://www.theoverlookhotel.com/post/123747281568/opening-teaser-for-the-network-television-airing|archive-date=April 8, 2017|access-date=April 8, 2017 |language=en}}</ref> With [[#Ambiguities in the film|the movie's ambiguities]], it is not known how Kubrick felt about or if he agreed with this proclamation. The placard also said that the film was edited for television and warned about the content.<ref name="gerke" />

=== Home media ===
''The Shining'' was released on [[VHS]] and [[Betamax]] in 1981 following its theatrical run, and on [[LaserDisc]] in 1990.<ref>{{Cite web |title=THE SHINING. (LASER DISC) |url=https://pspublishing2.com/the-shining-laser-disc-4444-p.asp |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=PS Publishing 2 |language=en-GB}}</ref>

The film was released on DVD in 1999, featuring a 4:3 [[open matte]] aspect ratio and a [[5.1 surround sound|5.1]] audio track up-mixed from the original mono soundtrack. The DVD also contains a candid [[fly-on-the-wall]] 33-minute documentary made by Kubrick's daughter [[Vivian Kubrick|Vivian]] (who was 17 when she filmed it) entitled ''Making The Shining'', originally shown on British television in 1980. She also provided an audio commentary track about her documentary for its [[DVD]] release. It appears even on pre-2007 editions of ''The Shining'' on DVD, although most DVDs of Kubrick films before then were devoid of documentaries or audio commentaries. It has some candid interviews and very private moments caught on set, such as arguments with cast and director, moments of a no-nonsense Kubrick directing his actors, Scatman Crothers being overwhelmed with emotion during his interview, Shelley Duvall collapsing from exhaustion on the set, and Jack Nicholson enjoying playing up to the behind-the-scenes camera.<ref>{{cite AV media |title=The Shining |date=1980 |people=Stanley Kubrick |medium=DVD |language=en |publisher=Warner Brothers}}</ref>

The film was released on [[Blu-ray]] in 2007 in an 1.85:1 aspect ratio.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4k Movie, Streaming, Blu-Ray Disc, and Home Theater Product Reviews & News {{!}} High Def Digest |url=https://ultrahd.highdefdigest.com/72984/theshining4kultrahdbluray.html |access-date=2025-06-04 |website=ultrahd.highdefdigest.com}}</ref> It was released on [[Ultra HD Blu-ray]] and a remastered Blu-ray in October 2019. The release includes a [[4K resolution|4K]] remaster using a scan of the original 35&nbsp;mm negative. Filmmaker [[Steven Spielberg]] and Kubrick's former personal assistant Leon Vitali closely assisted Warner Bros. in the mastering process. This is the same cut and 4K restoration that was screened at the [[2019 Cannes Film Festival]]. According to the official press release, the official full-length run-time is 146 minutes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Shining 4K Blu-ray |url=https://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=25112|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526185929/https://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=25112|archive-date=May 26, 2019|access-date=August 8, 2019}}</ref>

In 2024, the Stanley Kubrick Film Archive released the short documentary ''Shine On – The Forgotten Shining Location''<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipBpO2C5LTU |title=Shine On - The Forgotten Shining Location {{!}} Feature Documentary |date=2024-07-26 |last=Stanley Kubrick |access-date=2025-07-11 |via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Zilko |first=Christian |date=2024-07-19 |title=A New Doc Looks Inside Kubrick's Overlook Hotel — Watch the Trailer for 'Shine On — The Forgotten Shining Location' |url=https://www.indiewire.com/news/trailers/shine-on-trailer-new-kubrick-the-shining-documentary-1235027780/ |access-date=2025-07-11 |website=IndieWire |language=en-US}}</ref> on the official Stanley Kubrick YouTube channel. Narrated by [[Michael Sheen]] and directed by Paul King, the film looks at how Kubrick took over Elstree Studios for a whole year whilst ''The Shining''. Executive producer Jan Harlan, art director Les Tomkins and Kubrick's daughter Katharina Kubrick, assigned the role of location's researcher on the film, revisit the studio locations and share their memories about the film. Film critic [[Owen Gleiberman]] wrote in ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'': "''Shine On'' is a featurette that devotes itself to the physical production of ''The Shining'' — that is, to the film's sets, a few of which, in the form of industrial rooms that were doubling as movie locations, still exist. So ''Shine On'' is a movie about the ''shell'' of ''The Shining''. But that shell is really the most unnerving thing about ''The Shining''."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gleiberman |first=Owen |date=2024-07-30 |title='Shine On — The Forgotten Shining Location': A Documentary Meditation on Stanley Kubrick's Rooms of Fear |url=https://variety.com/2024/film/columns/shine-on-the-forgotten-shining-location-review-stanley-kubrick-1236089388/ |access-date=2025-07-11 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref>

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 | footer            = Original red and final yellow versions of [[Saul Bass]]'s theatrical poster for the film.
}}

Various [[theatrical poster]]s were used during the original 1980–1981 international release cycle,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.warnerbros.com/movies/shining/#gallery |title=WarnerBros.com {{!}} The Shining {{!}} Movies {{!}} Gallery |website=warnerbros.com |access-date=October 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191102015010/https://www.warnerbros.com/movies/shining/#gallery |archive-date=November 2, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=filmartgallery>{{cite web |url=https://filmartgallery.com/collections/the-shining |title=The Shining Vintage Movie Posters {{!}} Original Film Posters @ Film Art Gallery |website=filmartgallery.com |access-date=October 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011062503/https://filmartgallery.com/collections/the-shining |archive-date=October 11, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Shining (1980) – Photo Gallery – Poster |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0081505/mediaindex?refine=poster&ref_=ttmi_ref_pos |website=[[IMDb]] |access-date=October 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112073445/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0081505/mediaindex?refine=poster&ref_=ttmi_ref_pos |archive-date=November 12, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://londoncheapo.com/events/stanley-kubrick-exhibition/ |title=Stanley Kubrick: The Exhibition, 26th Apr–15th Sep, 2019 {{!}} London Cheapo |website=londoncheapo.com |last1=Matthews |first1=Becky |last2=Davis |first2=Sean |access-date=October 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011071718/https://londoncheapo.com/events/stanley-kubrick-exhibition/ |archive-date=October 11, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Imgur-2017">{{cite web |url=https://imgur.com/wnJU3Yu |title=Imgur: The magic of the Internet [wnJU3Yu] |quote=The tide of terror that swept America IS HERE ''[...]'' NOW SHOWING ''[...]'' LEICESTER SQUARE |website=[[Imgur]] |date=April 16, 2017 |access-date=October 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112073539/https://imgur.com/wnJU3Yu |archive-date=November 12, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> but in the U.S., where the film first opened, the primary poster and newspaper advert was designed by noted [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]] graphic designer [[Saul Bass]].<ref name=filmartgallery /><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.newspapers.com/newspage/125195924/ |title=Florida Today from Cocoa, Florida on June 26, 1980 · Page 4D |website=newspapers.com |date=June 26, 1980 |access-date=October 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011071719/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/125195924/ |archive-date=October 11, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.newspapers.com/newspage/148242254/ |title=Asbury Park Press from Asbury Park, New Jersey on July 3, 1980 · Page 87 |website=newspapers.com |date=July 3, 1980 |access-date=October 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011071719/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/148242254/ |archive-date=October 11, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.newspapers.com/newspage/101402272/ |title=The Cincinnati Enquirer from Cincinnati, Ohio on July 24, 1980 · Page 67 |website=newspapers.com |date=July 24, 1980 |access-date=October 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011071720/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/101402272/ |archive-date=October 11, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=itsnicethat>{{cite web |url=https://www.itsnicethat.com/articles/saul-bass-the-shining |title=Saul Bass' rejected designs for The Shining, with notes from Kubrick |website=itsnicethat.com |last=Gosling |first=Emily |date=June 3, 2015 |access-date=October 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191010172535/https://www.itsnicethat.com/articles/saul-bass-the-shining |archive-date=October 10, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=gizmodo>{{cite web |url=https://gizmodo.com/kubrick-and-bass-intense-creative-process-making-the-sh-1618114464 |title=Making the poster of The Shining was as intense as the movie itself |website=[[Gizmodo]] |last=Kardoudi |first=Omar |date=August 8, 2014 |access-date=October 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191010180211/https://gizmodo.com/kubrick-and-bass-intense-creative-process-making-the-sh-1618114464 |archive-date=October 10, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> Bass and Kubrick reportedly went through over 300 potential designs before settling on the final design of an unsettling, angry-looking, underlit, [[pointillistic]] doll-like face (which does not appear in the film) peering through the letters "{{smallcaps |The}}", with "SHiNiNG" below, in smaller letters. At the top of the poster are the words "''A MASTERPIECE OF MODERN HORROR''", with the credits and other information at the bottom.<ref name=filmartgallery /><ref name=itsnicethat /><ref name=gizmodo />

The correspondence between the two men during the design process survives, including Kubrick's handwritten critiques on Bass's different proposed designs. Bass originally intended the poster to be black on a red background, but Kubrick, to Bass's dismay, chose to make the background yellow. In response, Bass commissioned a small, silkscreened print run of his original version, which also lacks the "masterpiece of modern horror" slogan, and has the credits in a compact white block at the bottom.<ref name=filmartgallery /><ref name=itsnicethat /><ref name=gizmodo />

=== 4K version ===
[[Turner Classic Movies]] and [[Fathom Events]] had a limited screening in October 2016 in [[2K resolution|2K]] and 4K resolution.<ref>{{cite web |last=Thompson |first=Anne |author-link=Anne Thompson (film journalist) |title=How Turner Classic Movies and Fathom Events Bring Classics to Your Local Theater |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2016/02/how-turner-classic-movies-and-fathom-events-bring-classics-to-your-local-theater-174923/ |website=[[IndieWire]] |language=en |date=February 19, 2016 |access-date=May 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501031147/https://www.indiewire.com/2016/02/how-turner-classic-movies-and-fathom-events-bring-classics-to-your-local-theater-174923/ |archive-date=May 1, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In April 2019, a 4K resolution remastered version from a new scan of the original 35&nbsp;mm camera negative of the film was selected to be shown in the Cannes Classics section at the 2019 Cannes Film Festival. The length is listed as 146 minutes<ref>{{cite web |title=Cannes Classics 2019 |url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/en/press/press-articles/communique/articles/cannes-classics-2019-1 |website=Festival de Cannes |access-date=April 26, 2019 |date=April 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426215446/https://www.festival-cannes.com/en/press/press-articles/communique/articles/cannes-classics-2019-1 |archive-date=April 26, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> and 143 minutes.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/festival/films/the-shining |title=THE SHINING |website=Festival de Cannes |date=May 17, 2019 |language=en|access-date=May 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518034501/http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/festival/films/the-shining|archive-date=May 18, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Reception ==

=== Box office ===
''The Shining'' opened on the same weekend as ''[[The Empire Strikes Back]]'' but was released on 10 screens and grossed $622,337 for the four-day weekend, the third highest-grossing opening weekend from fewer than 50 screens of all time, behind ''[[Star Wars (film)|Star Wars]]'' (1977) and ''[[The Rose (film)|The Rose]]'' (1979).<ref name="open" /> It had a per-screen average gross of $62,234 compared to $50,919 for ''The Empire Strikes Back'' from 126 screens.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Empire Strikes Back |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2775811585/weekend/?ref_=bo_rl_tab#tabs|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200109235104/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2775811585/weekend/?ref_=bo_rl_tab#tabs|archive-date=January 9, 2020|access-date=May 22, 2020 |website=[[Box Office Mojo]]}}</ref>

=== Initial reviews ===
The film had mixed reviews at the time of its opening in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://variety.com/2016/film/awards/the-shining-anniversary-stanley-kubrick-stephen-king-1201763112/ |title=''The Shining'' Anniversary: Stanley Kubrick & His Mysterious Classic |last=Gray |first=Tim |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=May 23, 2016 |access-date=July 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703100044/https://variety.com/2016/film/awards/the-shining-anniversary-stanley-kubrick-stephen-king-1201763112/|archive-date=July 3, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Audiences polled by [[CinemaScore]] gave the film an average grade of "C+" on an A+ to F scale.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vDkpAAAAIBAJ&dq=CinemaScore&pg=PA18 |title=The Deseret News |publisher=The Deseret News |language=en}}</ref> [[Janet Maslin]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' lauded Nicholson's performance and praised the Overlook Hotel as an effective setting for horror, but wrote that "the supernatural story knows frustratingly little rhyme or reason&nbsp;... Even the film's most startling horrific images seem overbearing and perhaps even irrelevant."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=EE05E7DF1738E270BC4B51DFB366838B699EDE |title=Movie Review: THE SHINING |last=Maslin |first=Janet |author-link=Janet Maslin |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |location=New York City |date=May 23, 1980 |access-date=March 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927165425/http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=EE05E7DF1738E270BC4B51DFB366838B699EDE|archive-date=September 27, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' was critical, stating "With everything to work with&nbsp;... Kubrick has teamed with jumpy Jack Nicholson to destroy all that was so terrifying about Stephen King's bestseller."<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://variety.com/review/VE1117794836?refcatid=31 |title=The Shining |magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=December 31, 1979|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516134041/https://variety.com/review/VE1117794836?refcatid=31 |archive-date=May 16, 2012}}</ref> A common initial criticism was the slow pacing, which was highly atypical of horror films of the time.<ref name=highd>{{cite web |last=Bracke |first=Peter |url=http://bluray.highdefdigest.com/325/shining1980.html |title=Blu-ray Review: The Shining (1980) |website=High-Def Digest |date=October 23, 2007 |access-date=June 6, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120815174557/http://bluray.highdefdigest.com/325/shining1980.html |archive-date=August 15, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Neither [[Gene Siskel]] nor [[Roger Ebert]] reviewed the film on their television show ''[[Sneak Previews]]'' when it was first released,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://epguides.com/SneakPreviews/ |title=Sneak Previews: Titles and Airdate Guide |website=Epguides.com |date=September 9, 2013 |access-date=December 31, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101070605/http://epguides.com/SneakPreviews/ |archive-date=January 1, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> but in his review for the ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]'', Ebert complained that it was hard to connect with any of the characters.<ref>{{cite book |title=Movies in American History: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia |last=DiMare |first=Philip |year=2011 |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |location=Santa Barbara, California |isbn=978-1-59884-297-5 |page=440}}</ref> In his ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' review, Siskel gave the film two stars out of four and called it "a crashing disappointment. The biggest surprise is that it contains virtually no thrills. Given Kubrick's world-class reputation, one's immediate reaction is that maybe he was after something other than thrills in the film. If so, it's hard to figure out what."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/87596601/gene-siskel-movie-reviewthe-shining/ |first=Gene |last=Siskel|author-link=Gene Siskel |date=June 13, 1980 |title=Scares are scarce in 'The Shining' |newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]] |location=Chicago, Illinois |page=1|access-date=May 19, 2022|archive-date=May 19, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220519125848/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/87596601/gene-siskel-movie-reviewthe-shining/|url-status=live}}</ref> Vincent Misiano's review in ''[[Ares (magazine)|Ares]]'' magazine concluded: "''The Shining'' lays open to view all the devices of horror and suspense – endless eerie music, odd camera angles, a soundtrack of interminably pounding heart, hatchets and hunts. The result is shallow, self-conscious and dull. Read the book."<ref name="Ares">{{cite journal |last=Misiano |first=Vincent |date=September 1980 |title=Film & Television: The Shining |url=https://archive.org/details/AresMagazine04_ArenaofDeath/page/n32/mode/1up |journal=[[Ares Magazine]] |publisher=[[Simulations Publications, Inc.]] |issue=4 |pages=33–34}}</ref>

Kevin Thomas of the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' wrote "There are moments so visually stunning only a Kubrick could pull them off, yet the film is too grandiose to be the jolter that horror pictures are expected to be. Both those expecting significance from Kubrick and those merely looking for a good scare may be equally disappointed."<ref>{{cite news |first=Kevin |last=Thomas|author-link=Kevin Thomas (film critic) |date=May 23, 1980 |title=Kubrick's 'Shining': A Freudian Picnic |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |page=1}}</ref> [[Pauline Kael]] of ''[[The New Yorker]]'' stated "Again and again, the movie leads us to expect something&nbsp;– almost promises it&nbsp;– and then disappoints us."<ref>{{cite magazine |first=Pauline |last=Kael |author-link=Pauline Kael |date=June 9, 1980 |title=The Current Cinema |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |location=New York City |page=142 |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1980/06/09/devolution |url-access=subscription |access-date=November 5, 2020 |archive-date=November 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114040157/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1980/06/09/devolution |url-status=live}}</ref> Gary Arnold of ''[[The Washington Post]]'' wrote "Stanley Kubrick's production of ''The Shining'', a ponderous, lackluster distillation of Stephen King's best-selling novel, looms as the Big Letdown of the new film season. I can't recall a more elaborately ineffective scare movie."<ref>{{cite news |first=Gary |last=Arnold |date=June 13, 1980 |title=Kubrick's $12 Million Shiner |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |publisher=[[Washington Post Company]] |location=Washington, D.C. |page=E1}}</ref> [[Stanley Kauffmann]] of [[The New Republic]] described ''The Shining'' as "laborious filmmaking" and "a grab bag of spook stuff, with no rhyme or reason of its own" and that Nicholson's "mouthy work here makes the late [[Bela Lugosi]] look conservative".<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Dulling |url=https://newrepublic.com/| access-date=January 27, 2024 |magazine=The New Republic |language=en| archive-date=January 28, 2024| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240128005800/https://newrepublic.com/| url-status=live}}</ref>

It was one of two films of Kubrick's last eleven films, the other being ''[[Eyes Wide Shut]]'', to receive no nominations from the [[BAFTAs]]. It was the only one of Kubrick's last nine films to receive no nominations from either the [[Oscars]] or [[Golden Globe]]s. Instead, it was Kubrick's only film to be nominated at the [[Razzie Awards]], including [[Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Director|Worst Director]] and [[Worst Actress]] (Duvall),<ref>{{cite news |first=Tom |last=O'Neil |title=Quelle horreur! ''The Shining'' was not only snubbed, it was Razzed! |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |location=Los Angeles, California |date=February 1, 2008 |url=http://goldderby.latimes.com/awards_goldderby/2008/02/the-shining-was.html |access-date=January 22, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080302125453/http://goldderby.latimes.com/awards_goldderby/2008/02/the-shining-was.html|archive-date=March 2, 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> in the [[1st Golden Raspberry Awards|first year that award was given]].<ref>{{cite web |first=Victoria |last=Lindrea |date=February 25, 2007|access-date=May 4, 2009 |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6392701.stm |title=Blowing raspberries at Tinseltown |website=[[BBC News]] |publisher=[[BBC]] |location=London, England|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730202340/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6392701.stm |archive-date=July 30, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Peter |last=Larsen |date=January 20, 2005 |title=The Morning Read – So bad, they're almost good – A love of movies lies behind the Razzies |newspaper=[[The Orange County Register]] |publisher=[[Freedom Communications]] |location=Santa Ana, California |page=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=David |last=Germain |agency=Associated Press |date=February 26, 2005 |title=25 Years of Razzing Hollywood's Stinkers |newspaper=[[South Florida Sun-Sentinel]] |location=Deerfield Beach, Florida |page=7D}}</ref> These nominations, especially Duvall's, have provoked backlash and controversy for years,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.looper.com/1179260/the-razzies-most-controversial-nominations-ever/ |title=The Razzies' Most Controversial Nominations Ever |date=January 26, 2023 | access-date=March 14, 2023 | archive-date=March 24, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324085231/https://www.looper.com/1179260/the-razzies-most-controversial-nominations-ever/ | url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://collider.com/times-the-razzies-got-it-wrong/ |title=From 'The Shining' to 'Jaws:' 10 Times the Razzies Got It Wrong |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]] |date=March 27, 2022 | access-date=March 14, 2023 | archive-date=March 11, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311031123/https://collider.com/times-the-razzies-got-it-wrong/ | url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Grant |last=Hermanns |url=https://screenrant.com/razzies-shining-shelley-duvall-nomination-rescinded-response/ |title=Razzies Rescind Shelley Duvall's The Shining Nomination |work=[[Screen Rant]] |date=April 1, 2022 |access-date=March 14, 2023 |archive-date=March 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314071127/https://screenrant.com/razzies-shining-shelley-duvall-nomination-rescinded-response/ |url-status=live}}</ref> with Razzies founder [[John J. B. Wilson]] defending his choice claiming he expected the adaptation to be more similar to the book.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://razzies.com/razz-blogz/a-shining-razzie-throwback |title=A SHINING RAZZIE THROWBACK! |author=Wilson, John J. B. |publisher=Golden Raspberry Awards |date=May 28, 2020|access-date=March 14, 2023|archive-date=March 14, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314071126/https://razzies.com/razz-blogz/a-shining-razzie-throwback|url-status=live}}</ref> Razzies co-founder Maureen Murphy stated in 2022 that she regretted giving Duvall the Worst Actress nomination.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharf |first=Zack |date=February 22, 2022 |title=Razzie Awards Founder Regrets Shelley Duvall's 'Shining' Nomination: 'I'd Take That Back' |url=https://variety.com/2022/film/news/razzie-awards-regret-shelley-duvall-shining-nom-1235187354/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224115916/https://variety.com/2022/film/news/razzie-awards-regret-shelley-duvall-shining-nom-1235187354/ |archive-date=February 24, 2022 |access-date=February 23, 2022 |website=Variety}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Bergeson |first1=Samantha |date=February 22, 2022 |title=Razzie Founders Say They Would 'Take Back' Shelley Duvall's Worst Actress Nomination for 'The Shining' |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2022/02/razzie-awards-stanley-kubrick-shelley-duvall-the-shining-1234701120/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220223180753/https://www.indiewire.com/2022/02/razzie-awards-stanley-kubrick-shelley-duvall-the-shining-1234701120/ |archive-date=February 23, 2022 |access-date=February 23, 2022 |website=IndieWire |language=en}}</ref> On March 31, 2022, the Razzie committee officially rescinded Duvall's nomination, stating "We have since discovered that Duvall's performance was impacted by Stanley Kubrick's treatment of her throughout the production."<ref name="thewrapduvall">[https://www.thewrap.com/razzie-awards-rescind-bruce-willis-award-shelley-duvall-nomination Razzie Awards Backtrack, Rescind Bruce Willis Award – and Shelley Duvall Nomination as Well] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331155120/https://www.thewrap.com/razzie-awards-rescind-bruce-willis-award-shelley-duvall-nomination/|date=March 31, 2022}} ''[[The Wrap]]''. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</ref>

=== Reappraisal ===
According to [[Rotten Tomatoes]], 84% of 110 critics gave the film a positive review, with an average rating of 8.6/10. The site's critical consensus reads: "Though it deviates from Stephen King's novel, Stanley Kubrick's ''The Shining'' is a chilling, often baroque journey into madness — exemplified by an unforgettable turn from Jack Nicholson."<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Shining (1980) |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/shining|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180206154114/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/shining/|archive-date=February 6, 2018|access-date=December 29, 2023 |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |date=May 23, 1980}}</ref> On [[Metacritic]], it has a weighted average score of 68 out of 100 based on reviews from 26 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".<ref>{{cite web |title=The Shining |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/the-shining|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104092614/https://www.metacritic.com/movie/the-shining|archive-date=November 4, 2020|access-date=November 1, 2020 |website=[[Metacritic]]}}</ref> Tim Cahill of ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' noted in an interview with Kubrick that by 1987 there was already a "critical re-evaluation of [''The Shining''] in process".<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/news/the-rolling-stone-interview-stanley-kubrick-in-1987-20110307 |title=The Rolling Stone Interview: Stanley Kubrick in 1987 |last=Cahill |first=Tim |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |location=New York City |date=August 27, 1987 |access-date=December 15, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161206174250/http://www.rollingstone.com/culture/news/the-rolling-stone-interview-stanley-kubrick-in-1987-20110307 |archive-date=December 6, 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2001, the film was ranked 29th on [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills]] list<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.afi.com/100years/thrills.aspx |title=AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills |website=www.afi.com|access-date=November 7, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225212216/http://afi.com/100Years/thrills.aspx|archive-date=December 25, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> and Jack Torrance was named the 25th greatest villain on the [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains]] list in 2003.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.afi.com/100Years/handv.aspx |title=AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains |website=www.afi.com|access-date=November 7, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304082823/http://afi.com/100years/handv.aspx|archive-date=March 4, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2005, the quote "Here's Johnny!" was ranked 68 on [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes]] list.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.afi.com/100years/quotes.aspx |title=AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes |website=www.afi.com|access-date=November 7, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415022946/http://www.afi.com/100Years/quotes.aspx|archive-date=April 15, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> It had [[Channel 4]]'s all-time scariest moment,<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.channel4.com/film/newsfeatures/microsites/S/scary/results_10-1_2.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20090309055200/http://www.channel4.com/film/newsfeatures/microsites/S/scary/results_10-1_2.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 9, 2009 |title=100 Greatest Scary Moments: Channel 4 Film |date=March 9, 2009 |work=archive.li|access-date=November 7, 2018}}</ref> and [[Bravo (American TV network)|Bravo TV]] named one of the film's scenes sixth on their list of the 100 Scariest Movie Moments. Film critics [[Kim Newman]] and Jonathan Romney both placed it in their top ten lists for the 2002 ''[[Sight & Sound]]'' poll. In 2005, ''Total Film'' ranked ''The Shining'' as the 5th-greatest horror film of all time.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4323968.stm |title=Texas Massacre tops horror poll |work=BBC News |access-date=November 22, 2009 |date=October 9, 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831121239/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4323968.stm|archive-date=August 31, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2012, ''Sight & Sound'' directors' poll ranked it the 75th greatest film of all time.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/sightandsoundpoll2012/directors |title=Directors' top 100 |work=BFI|access-date=March 31, 2022|archive-date=February 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225010816/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/sightandsoundpoll2012/directors|url-status=dead}}</ref> Director [[Martin Scorsese]] placed it on his list of the 11 scariest horror films of all time.<ref>{{cite news |title=11 Scariest Horror Movies of All Time |first=Martin |last=Scorsese|author-link=Martin Scorsese |work=[[The Daily Beast]] |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/martin-scorseses-scariest-movies-of-all-time |date=October 28, 2009 |access-date=July 20, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722145647/http://www.thedailybeast.com/martin-scorseses-scariest-movies-of-all-time | archive-date=July 22, 2017 | url-status=live}}</ref> Mathematicians at [[King's College London]] (KCL) used statistical modeling in a study commissioned by [[Sky Movies]] to conclude that ''The Shining'' was the "perfect scary movie" due to a proper balance of various ingredients including shock value, suspense, gore and size of the cast.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3537938.stm |title=Shining named perfect scary movie |date=August 9, 2004|access-date=July 3, 2019 |language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026234441/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3537938.stm|archive-date=October 26, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2010, ''[[The Guardian]]'' newspaper ranked it as the fifth "best horror film of all time".<ref>{{cite news |author=Billson, Anne |date=October 22, 2010 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/oct/22/shining-kubrick-horror |title=The Shining: No 5 Best Horror Film of All Time |newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=July 10, 2021|archive-date=June 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613230343/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/oct/22/shining-kubrick-horror|url-status=live}}</ref> It was voted the 62nd greatest American film ever made in a 2015 poll conducted by [[BBC]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20150720-the-100-greatest-american-films |title=The 100 greatest American films |website=BBC|date=July 20, 2015 |access-date=November 7, 2021|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114132906/https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20150720-the-100-greatest-american-films|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2017, ''[[Empire (film magazine)|Empire]]'' magazine's readers' poll ranked the film at number 35 on its list of "The 100 Greatest Movies", and in 2023, ''Empire'' also ranked it number one on its list of "The 50 Best Horror Movies".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/best-movies/ |title=The 100 Greatest Movies|access-date=March 20, 2018|archive-date=July 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706075658/https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/best-movies/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/best-horror-movies/ |title=The 50 Best Horror Movies |date=October 27, 2023 |work=Empireonline.com |access-date=November 9, 2023|archive-date=February 11, 2018|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180211191528/https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/best-horror-movies/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2021, the film was ranked at number two by ''[[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]]'' on their list of "The 100 Best Horror Movies".<ref>{{cite web |title=The 100 best horror movies |url=https://www.timeout.com/london/film/best-horror-films |website=Time Out |date=June 3, 2021|access-date=July 20, 2021|archive-date=January 20, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120015803/http://www.timeout.com/london/film/best-horror-films|url-status=live}}</ref> Critics, scholars, and crew members (such as Kubrick's producer Jan Harlan) have discussed the film's enormous influence on popular culture.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://thehollywoodprojects.com/2010/07/26/kubrick-3-the-shining-1980/ |title=Kubrick #3 – The Shining (1980) |work=The Hollywood Projects |date=July 26, 2010 |access-date=September 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110830214410/http://thehollywoodprojects.com/2010/07/26/kubrick-3-the-shining-1980/ |archive-date=August 30, 2011 |url-status=usurped}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.public.iastate.edu/~rhetoric/105H16/cofa/bjwcofa.html |title=Brent Wiese |publisher=Public.iastate.edu |access-date=September 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331131826/http://www.public.iastate.edu/~rhetoric/105H16/cofa/bjwcofa.html |archive-date=March 31, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=My Movie Mundo |url=http://mymoviemundo.com/producer/jan-harlan-producer-the-shining-eyes-wide-shut-etc |title=Jan Harlan (producer) – The Shining, Eyes Wide Shut, etc |publisher=My Movie Mundo |date=February 28, 2010 |access-date=September 20, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110909095405/http://mymoviemundo.com/producer/jan-harlan-producer-the-shining-eyes-wide-shut-etc |archive-date=September 9, 2011}}</ref> In 2006, Roger Ebert, who was initially critical of the work, inducted the film into his ''[[Great Movies]]'' series, saying "Stanley Kubrick's cold and frightening ''The Shining'' challenges us to decide: Who is the reliable observer? Whose idea of events can we trust?&nbsp;... It is this elusive open-endedness that makes Kubrick's film so strangely disturbing."<ref name="Ebert06" />

[[Anne Billson]] of ''[[The Guardian]]'' stated that "Duvall's horrified reactions as her husband reveals himself to be a mortal threat provide the film with many of its iconic moments."<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Billson |first1=Anne |title=Shelley Duvall: her 20 greatest films {{!}} Shelley Duvall {{!}} The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/article/2024/jul/11/shelley-duvall-best-films-ranked |access-date=July 14, 2024 |website=amp.theguardian.com |date=July 11, 2024 }}</ref> [[Bilge Ebiri]] of ''[[Vulture Magazine|Vulture]]'' wrote: "Looking into Duvall's huge eyes from the front row of a theater, I found myself riveted by a very poignant form of fear. Not the fear of an actor out of her element, or the more mundane fear of a victim being chased around by an ax-wielding maniac. Rather, it was something far more disquieting, and familiar: the fear of a wife who's experienced her husband at his worst, and is terrified that she'll experience it again."<ref>{{cite web |last=Ebiri |first=Bilge |date=November 8, 2019 |title=The Discomforting Legacy of Wendy Torrance |url=https://www.vulture.com/2019/11/the-discomforting-legacy-of-wendy-torrance.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129102642/https://www.vulture.com/2019/11/the-discomforting-legacy-of-wendy-torrance.html |archive-date=November 29, 2020 |access-date=November 22, 2020 |website=Vulture |language=en-us}}</ref> Jessica Jalali of ''[[Screen Rant]]'' ranked it the best performance of her career, calling her "the heart of the film; she is out of her depth in dealing with her husband's looming insanity while trying to protect her young son, all while being fearful of the malevolence around her".<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 8, 2021 |title=Shelley Duvall's 10 Best Movies, According To IMDb |url=https://screenrant.com/shelley-duvall-best-films-imdb/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220223180758/https://screenrant.com/shelley-duvall-best-films-imdb/ |archive-date=February 23, 2022 |access-date=February 23, 2022 |website=ScreenRant |language=en-US}}</ref> Tim Grierson of [[RogerEbert.com]] similarly called it one of her best performances, writing that "This is no simple '[[scream queen]]' performance as Duvall makes Wendy's terror and determination grippingly, movingly real. Did Kubrick push her to extremes to reach such heights? Perhaps, but the accomplishment is Duvall's, full stop."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Grierson |first=Tim |title=Shelley Duvall's Five Best Performances {{!}} Features {{!}} Roger Ebert |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/features/shelley-duvalls-five-best-performances |access-date=July 14, 2024 |website=RogerEbert.com |date=July 12, 2024 |language=en}}</ref>

Horror film critic Peter Bracke, reviewing the Blu-ray release in ''High-Def Digest'', wrote:{{blockquote|Just as the ghostly apparitions of the film's fictional Overlook Hotel would play tricks on the mind of poor Jack Torrance, so too has the passage of time changed the perception of ''The Shining'' itself. Many of the same reviewers who lambasted the film for "not being scary" enough back in 1980 now rank it among the most effective horror films ever made, while audiences who hated the film back then now vividly recall being "terrified" by the experience. ''The Shining'' has somehow risen from the ashes of its own bad press to redefine itself not only as a seminal work of the genre, but perhaps the most stately, artful horror ever made.<ref name="highd" />}}

In 1999, Jonathan Romney discussed Kubrick's perfectionism and dispelled others' initial arguments that the film lacked complexity: "The final scene alone demonstrates what a rich source of perplexity ''The Shining'' offers{{nbsp}}... look beyond the simplicity and the Overlook reveals itself as a palace of paradox". Romney further explains:
{{blockquote|The dominating presence of the Overlook Hotel{{snd}}designed by Roy Walker as a composite of American hotels visited in the course of research{{snd}}is an extraordinary vindication of the value of [[mise en scène]]. It's a real, complex space that we don't just see but come to virtually inhabit. The confinement is palpable: horror cinema is an art of [[claustrophobia]], making us loath to stay in the cinema but unable to leave. Yet it's combined with a sort of [[agoraphobia]]{{snd}}we are as frightened of the hotel's cavernous vastness as of its corridors' enclosure{{nbsp}}... The film sets up a complex dynamic between simple domesticity and magnificent grandeur, between the supernatural and the mundane in which the viewer is disoriented by the combination of spaciousness and confinement, and an uncertainty as to just what is real or not.<ref name="BFI-2012">{{cite web |url=http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/feature/179 |title=Sight & Sound &#124; Stanley Kubrick 1928–99 Resident Phantoms |publisher=BFI |date=February 10, 2012 |access-date=June 1, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714144743/http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/feature/179 |archive-date=July 14, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}

=== Response by Stephen King ===
[[File:Portrait photograph of Stephen King by James Leonard, c. 1980.jpg|thumb|Author Stephen King (photographed {{circa|1980}}) was an executive producer for a more faithful 1997 adaptation, and continues to hold mixed feelings regarding Kubrick's version.]]
Stephen King has been quoted as saying that although Kubrick made a film with memorable imagery, it was poor as an adaptation<ref name="visual-memory2">{{cite web |url=http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/faq/html/shining/shining.html |title=Kubrick FAQ – The Shining |publisher=Visual-memory.co.uk |access-date=June 6, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420133301/http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/faq/html/shining/shining.html |archive-date=April 20, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> and that it is the only adaptation of his novels that he could "remember hating".<ref>"Writing Rapture: The WD Interview", ''Writer's Digest'', May/June 2009</ref> In his 1981 nonfiction book ''[[Danse Macabre (King book)|Danse Macabre]]'', he noted that Kubrick was among those "filmmakers whose particular visions are so clear and fierce that{{nbsp}}... fear of failure never becomes a factor in the equation," commenting that "even when a director such as Stanley Kubrick makes such a maddening, perverse, and disappointing film as ''The Shining'', it somehow retains a brilliance that is inarguable; it is simply there," and listed Kubrick's film among those he considered to have "contributed something of value to the [horror] genre."<ref>{{cite book |last=King |first=Stephen |title=Danse Macabre |year=1981 |publisher=Berkley Press |isbn=0-425-10433-8 |pages=415–417}}</ref> Before the 1980 film, King often said he gave little attention to the film adaptations of his work.<ref name="IntellectualDevotional">[http://www.theintellectualdevotional.com/blog/2008/10/29/kubrick-v-king-2/?page_id=0 "Kubrick v. King"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210121850/http://www.theintellectualdevotional.com/blog/2008/10/29/kubrick-v-king-2/?page_id=0 |date=February 10, 2011 }}. TheIntellectualDevotional.com. October 29, 2008.</ref>

The novel, written while King was suffering from alcoholism, contains an autobiographical element. King expressed disappointment that some themes, such as the disintegration of family and the dangers of alcoholism, are less present in the film. King also viewed the casting of Nicholson as a mistake, arguing it would result in a rapid realization among audiences that Jack would go insane, due to Nicholson's famous role as [[Randle McMurphy]] in ''One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest'' (1975). King had suggested that a more "everyman" actor such as Jon Voight, [[Christopher Reeve]], or Michael Moriarty play the role, so that Jack's descent into madness would be more unnerving.<ref name="IntellectualDevotional" /> In the novel, the story takes the child's point of view, while in the film the father is the main character; in fact, one of the most notable differences lies in Jack Torrance's psychological profile. According to the novel, the character represented an ordinary and balanced man who little by little loses control; furthermore, the written narration reflected personal traits of the author himself at that time (marked by insomnia and alcoholism), in addition to abuse. There is some allusion to these episodes in the American version of the film.

In an interview with the BBC, King criticized Kubrick's Wendy, stating that she is "basically just there to scream and be stupid, and that's not the woman that I wrote about."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-24126819 |title=King 'nervous' about Shining sequel |date=September 19, 2013 |website=[[BBC]]|access-date=June 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620113606/https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-24126819|archive-date=June 20, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> King's Wendy is a strong and independent woman on a professional and emotional level; to Kubrick, on the other hand, it did not seem consistent that such a woman had long endured the personality of Jack Torrance.<ref name="visual-memory" />

King once suggested that he disliked the film's downplaying of the supernatural; King had envisioned Jack as a victim of the genuinely external forces haunting the hotel, whereas King felt Kubrick had viewed the haunting and its resulting malignancy as coming from within Jack himself.<ref>{{cite video |people=[[Stephen King]] (interviewee), Laurent Bouzerau (writer, director, producer) |date=2011 |title=A Night at the Movies: The Horrors of Stephen King |medium=Television production |publisher=[[Turner Classic Movies]]}}</ref> In October 2013, journalist [[Laura Miller (writer)|Laura Miller]] wrote that the discrepancy between the two was almost the complete opposite:<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.salon.com/2013/10/01/what_stanley_kubrick_got_wrong_about_the_shining/ |title=What Stanley Kubrick got wrong about "The Shining" |last=Miller |first=Laura |work=[[Salon (website)|Salon]] |location=San Francisco, California |date=October 1, 2013 |access-date=October 10, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151011085212/http://www.salon.com/2013/10/01/what_stanley_kubrick_got_wrong_about_the_shining/ |archive-date=October 11, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>

<blockquote>King is, essentially, a novelist of morality. The decisions his characters make&nbsp;– whether it's to confront a pack of vampires or to break 10 years of sobriety&nbsp;– are what matter to him. But in Kubrick's ''The Shining'', the characters are largely in the grip of forces beyond their control. It's a film in which [[domestic violence]] occurs, while King's novel is about domestic violence as a choice certain men make when they refuse to abandon a delusional, defensive entitlement. As King sees it, Kubrick treats his characters like "insects" because the director doesn't really consider them capable of shaping their own fates. Everything they do is subordinate to an overweening, irresistible force, which is Kubrick's highly developed aesthetic; they are its slaves. In King's ''The Shining'', the monster is Jack. In Kubrick's, the monster is Kubrick.</blockquote>

King later criticized the film and Kubrick as a director:
<blockquote> Parts of the film are chilling, charged with a relentlessly claustrophobic terror, but others fall flat. Not that religion has to be involved in horror, but a visceral skeptic such as Kubrick just couldn't grasp the sheer inhuman evil of the Overlook Hotel. So he looked, instead, for evil in the characters and made the film into a domestic tragedy with only vaguely supernatural overtones. That was the basic flaw: because he couldn't believe, he couldn't make the film believable to others. What's basically wrong with Kubrick's version of ''The Shining'' is that it's a film by a man who thinks too much and feels too little; and that's why, for all its [[virtuoso]] effects, it never gets you by the throat and hangs on the way real horror should.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://thewordslinger.com/posts.php?id=37 |title=Quoted in |publisher=Thewordslinger.com |date=March 1, 2008 |access-date=September 20, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831023834/http://thewordslinger.com/posts.php?id=37 |archive-date=August 31, 2011 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> </blockquote>

King was disappointed by Kubrick's decision not to film at [[The Stanley Hotel]] in [[Estes Park, Colorado]], which inspired the story (a decision Kubrick made since the hotel lacked sufficient snow and electricity). He supervised the 1997 television adaptation, also titled ''[[The Shining (miniseries)|The Shining]]'', filmed at The Stanley Hotel.

During an interview segment on the [[Bravo (American TV channel)|Bravo]] channel, King stated that the first time he watched Kubrick's adaptation, he found it to be "dreadfully unsettling". Writing in the afterword of ''[[Doctor Sleep (novel)|Doctor Sleep]]'', King said of the film "of course there was Stanley Kubrick's movie which many seem to remember&nbsp;– for reasons I have never quite understood&nbsp;– as one of the scariest films they have ever seen. If you have seen the movie but not read the novel, you should note that ''Doctor Sleep'' follows the latter which is, in my opinion, the True History of the Torrance Family."<ref>{{cite book |last=King |first=Stephen|author-link=Stephen King |date=2013 |title=Doctor Sleep |url=|location= |publisher=Scribner |page= |isbn=978-1-4767-2765-3 |chapter=Author's Note}}</ref>

[[Mike Flanagan (filmmaker)|Mike Flanagan]], director of [[Doctor Sleep (2019 film)|the film adaptation of ''Doctor Sleep'']], would reconcile the differences between novel and film versions of ''The Shining'' there. ''Doctor Sleep'' is a direct adaptation of its novel counterpart, which itself is a sequel to the novel version of ''The Shining'', but is also a continuation of Kubrick's film; in explaining the latter, Flanagan expressed, "''The Shining'' is so ubiquitous and has burned itself into the collective imagination of people who love cinema in a way that so few movies have. There's no other language to tell that story in. If you say 'Overlook Hotel', I see something. It lives right up in my brain because of Stanley Kubrick. You can't pretend that isn't the case".<ref name="EW Redeem">{{cite magazine |url=https://ew.com/movies/2019/11/05/stephen-king-doctor-sleep-redeems-the-shining-stanley-kubrick/ |title=Stephen King says Doctor Sleep film 'redeems' Stanley Kubrick's The Shining |last=Collis |first=Clark |date=November 5, 2019 |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |access-date=December 18, 2019 |archive-date=November 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115034332/https://ew.com/movies/2019/11/05/stephen-king-doctor-sleep-redeems-the-shining-stanley-kubrick/ |url-status=live}}</ref> King initially rejected Flanagan's pitch of bringing back the Overlook as seen in Kubrick's film, but changed his mind after Flanagan pitched a scene within the hotel near the end of the film that served as his reason to bring back the Overlook.<ref name="Daily Beast">{{cite web |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/inside-the-shining-sequel-doctor-sleep-a-spooky-as-hell-tribute-to-stanley-kubrick-and-stephen-king |title=Inside 'The Shining' Sequel 'Doctor Sleep': A Spooky-as-Hell Tribute to Stanley Kubrick and Stephen King |last=Schager |first=Nick |date=November 5, 2019 |website=[[The Daily Beast]] |access-date=December 18, 2019 |archive-date=November 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191117092158/http://www.thedailybeast.com/inside-the-shining-sequel-doctor-sleep-a-spooky-as-hell-tribute-to-stanley-kubrick-and-stephen-king |url-status=live}}</ref> Upon reading the script, King was so satisfied with the result that he said, "Everything that I ever disliked about the Kubrick version of ''The Shining'' is redeemed for me here."<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Collis |first1=Clark |title=Stephen King says 'Doctor Sleep' 'redeems' Stanley Kubrick's 'The Shining' |url=https://ew.com/movies/2019/11/05/stephen-king-doctor-sleep-redeems-the-shining-stanley-kubrick/ |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |location=New York City |language=en |date=November 5, 2019 |access-date=November 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115034332/https://ew.com/movies/2019/11/05/stephen-king-doctor-sleep-redeems-the-shining-stanley-kubrick/ |archive-date=November 15, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Awards and nominations ===
{{Anchor|Accolades}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|+ Awards and nominations<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zf9BYv5DiCwC&q=%22scatman+crothers%22+%22best+supporting+actor%22+saturn+awards&pg=PT153 |title=The Complete Kubrick |last=Hughes |first=David |publisher=[[Random House]] |isbn=9781448133215 |date=May 31, 2013 |access-date=October 15, 2020 |archive-date=November 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114040141/https://books.google.com/books?id=zf9BYv5DiCwC&q=%22scatman+crothers%22+%22best+supporting+actor%22+saturn+awards&pg=PT153 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Stanley Kubrick Archive: The Shining: Awards |url=http://archives.arts.ac.uk/CalmView/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&id=SK%2F15%2F12 |website=University of the Arts: London (University Archives and Special Collection) |access-date=November 9, 2019 |archive-date=November 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114040229/https://archives.arts.ac.uk/CalmView/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&id=SK/15/12 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|- style="background:#b0c4de; text-align:center;"
! scope="col" style="width:10em;"| Award
! scope="col" style="width:10em;"| Category
! scope="col" style="width:10em;"| Nominee
! scope="col" style="width:7em;"| Result
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Razzie Award]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Razzies.com – Home of the Golden Raspberry Award Foundation – 1980 Archive |website=razzies.com |last=Wilson |first=John |url=http://razzies.com/asp/content/XcNewsPlus.asp?cmd=view&articleid=20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104113243/http://razzies.com/asp/content/XcNewsPlus.asp?cmd=view&articleid=20 |archive-date=November 4, 2013 |date=August 23, 2000 |access-date=November 8, 2019}}</ref>
|[[Worst Actress]]
|[[Shelley Duvall]] (rescinded){{efn|Rescinded on March 31, 2022.<ref name=thewrapduvall/>}} 
|rowspan="3" style="background: #FDD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" |Nominated
|-
|[[Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Director|Worst Director]]
|rowspan=2|[[Stanley Kubrick]]
|-
|rowspan=4|[[Saturn Award]]
|[[Saturn Award for Best Direction|Best Director]]
|-
|[[Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
|[[Scatman Crothers]]
| {{won}}
|-
|colspan=2|[[Saturn Award for Best Horror Film|Best Horror Film]]
|rowspan="2" style="background: #FDD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" |Nominated
|-
|[[Saturn Award for Best Music|Best Music]]
|[[Béla Bartók]]
|}

=== American Film Institute recognition ===
* 2001: [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills]] – #29<ref>{{cite web |title=AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills |url=http://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/thrills100.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328082214/http://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/thrills100.pdf |archive-date=March 28, 2014 |access-date=September 26, 2019 |publisher=[[American Film Institute]]}}</ref>
* 2003: [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains]]:
** [[Jack Torrance]] – #25 Villain<ref>{{cite web |title=AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains |url=http://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/handv100.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328082215/http://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/handv100.pdf |archive-date=March 28, 2014 |access-date=September 26, 2019 |publisher=[[American Film Institute]]}}</ref>
* 2005: [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes]]:
** "Here's Johnny!" – #68<ref>{{cite web |title=AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes |url=http://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/quotes100.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110313150615/http://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/quotes100.pdf |archive-date=March 13, 2011 |access-date=September 26, 2019 |publisher=[[American Film Institute]]}}</ref>

== Comparison with the novel ==
The film differs from the novel significantly with regard to characterization and motivation of action. The most obvious differences are those regarding the personality of Jack Torrance (the source of much of author Stephen King's dissatisfaction with the film).<ref name="visual-memory2" />

=== Motivation of ghosts ===
In the film, the motive of the ghosts is apparently to "reclaim" Jack (although Grady expresses an interest in Danny's "shining" ability), who seems to be a reincarnation of a previous caretaker of the hotel, as suggested by the 1920s photograph of Jack at the end of the film and Jack's repeated claims to have "not just a ''[[déjà vu]]''".<ref>Among many other places, this is suggested in ''The Modern Weird Tale'' by S.T. Joshi, p. 72.</ref> The film is more focused on Jack (as opposed to Danny) than the novel.

=== Room number ===
The room number 217 has been changed to 237. Timberline Lodge, located on Mount Hood in Oregon, was used for the aerial exterior shots of the fictional Overlook Hotel. The Lodge requested that Kubrick not depict Room 217 (featured in the book) in ''The Shining'', because future guests at the Lodge might be afraid to stay there, and a nonexistent room, 237, was substituted in the film. Contrary to the hotel's expectations, Room 217 is requested more often than any other room at Timberline.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.timberlinelodge.com/about-us/history |title=History |publisher=Timberline Lodge |access-date=August 24, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180508102838/http://www.timberlinelodge.com/about-us/history|archive-date=May 8, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tomdeering.com/thesis/ch4/images/4-25-Bot_a.jpg |title=Deering Thesis: Timberline Lodge Second Floor Plan |last=Deering |first=Thomas P. Jr. |website=www.tomdeering.com|access-date=April 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427102846/http://www.tomdeering.com/thesis/ch4/images/4-25-Bot_a.jpg|archive-date=April 27, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

There are fringe analyses relating this number change to [[Moon landing conspiracy theories#Alleged Stanley Kubrick involvement|rumors that Kubrick faked]] [[Apollo 11|the first Moon landing]], as there are approximately 237,000 miles between the Earth and the [[Moon]] (average is 238,855 miles),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/moon-distance/en/ |title=How far away is the moon? :: NASA Space Place |access-date=April 27, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006220531/http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/moon-distance/en/ |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> and claiming that the film is a subtle confession of his involvement.<ref name="No237">{{cite news |last=Segal |first=David |title=It's Back. But What Does It Mean? ''Aide to Kubrick on 'Shining' Scoffs at 'Room 237' Theories'' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/31/movies/aide-to-kubrick-on-shining-scoffs-at-room-237-theories.html?_r=0 |access-date=June 23, 2016 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 27, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219152857/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/31/movies/aide-to-kubrick-on-shining-scoffs-at-room-237-theories.html?_r=1& |archive-date=December 19, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Another theory posits an obsession with the [[number 42]] in the film, and the product of the digits in 237 is 42.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wabgZNgT9OgC&q=42 |title=Kubrick: Inside a Film Artist's Maze |last=Nelson |first=Thomas Allen |date=January 1, 2000 |pages=325–326 |publisher=Indiana University Press |isbn=0-253-21390-8 |language=en|access-date=April 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427113635/https://books.google.com/books?id=wabgZNgT9OgC&q=42#v=snippet&q=42&f=false|archive-date=April 27, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Jack Torrance ===
The novel initially presents Jack as likable and well-intentioned, yet haunted by the demons of alcohol and authority issues. Nonetheless, he becomes gradually overwhelmed by what he sees as the evil forces in the hotel. At the novel's conclusion, it is suggested that the evil hotel forces have possessed Jack's body and proceeded to destroy all that is left of his mind during a final showdown with Danny. He leaves a monstrous entity that Danny is able to divert while he, Wendy and Dick Hallorann escape.<ref name=ch55>See Chapter 55, ''That Which Was Forgotten''.</ref> The film's Jack is established as somewhat sinister much earlier in the story and dies in a different manner. Jack kills Dick Hallorann in the film, but only wounds him in the novel. King attempted to talk Stanley Kubrick out of casting Jack Nicholson even before filming began, on the grounds that he seemed vaguely sinister from the very beginning of the film.{{efn|King discusses this in an interview he gave at the time of the TV remake of ''The Shining'' in the ''New York Daily News''.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Shining By the Book |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/nydn-features/shining-book-article-1.759715|access-date=March 29, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731005332/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/nydn-features/shining-book-article-1.759715|archive-date=July 31, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<ref>{{cite book |title=Creepshows: The Illustrated Stephen King Movie Guide |first=Stephen |last=Jones |publisher=Watson-Guptill |year=2002 |page=20}}</ref>

Only in the novel does Jack hear the haunting, heavy-handed voice of his father, with whom he had a troubled relationship.<ref>{{cite book |last=Magistrale |first=Tony |title=Stephen King: America's Storyteller |page=120 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-313-35228-7 |year=2010}} See also novel, Chapter 26, ''Dreamland''.</ref> In both media, Jack's encounter with the ghostly bartender is pivotal to his deterioration. The novel gives much more detail about his alcoholism.

The film prolongs Jack's struggle with writer's block. Kubrick's co-screenwriter Diane Johnson believes that in King's novel, Jack's discovery of the scrapbook of clippings in the boiler room of the hotel, which gives him new ideas for a novel, catalyzes his possession by the ghosts of the hotel, while at the same time unblocking his writing. Jack is no longer a blocked writer, but now filled with energy. In her contribution to the screenplay, Johnson wrote an adaptation of this scene, which to her regret Kubrick later excised, as she felt this left the father's change less motivated.{{sfn|Johnson essay|2006|ref=essayDJ|p=58}} Kubrick showed Jack's continued blockage quite late in the film with the "all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy" scene, which does not appear in the novel.

Stephen King stated on the DVD commentary of the 1997 miniseries of ''The Shining'' that the character of Jack Torrance was partially autobiographical, as he was struggling with both alcoholism and unprovoked rage toward his family at the time of writing.<ref>DVD of The Shining TV mini-series directed by Mick Garris Studio: Warner Home Video DVD Release Date: January 7, 2003</ref> [[Tony Magistrale]] wrote about Kubrick's version of Jack Torrance in ''Hollywood's Stephen King'':

{{blockquote|Kubrick's version of Torrance is much closer to the tyrannical [[HAL 9000|Hal]] (from Kubrick's ''2001: A Space Odyssey'') and [[Alex (A Clockwork Orange)|Alex]] (from Kubrick's ''A Clockwork Orange'') than he is to King's more conflicted, more sympathetically human characterization.<ref>p. 100 of Hollywood's Stephen King By Tony Magistrale Published by Macmillan, 2003</ref>}}

From Thomas Allen Nelson's ''Kubrick: Inside a Film Artist's Maze'': "When Jack moves through the reception area on his way to a 'shining' over the model maze, he throws a yellow tennis ball past a stuffed bear and Danny's Big Wheel, which rests on the very spot (a [[Navajo]] circle design) where Hallorann will be murdered." Jack's tennis ball mysteriously rolls into Danny's circle of toy cars just before the boy walks through the open door of Room 237.

{{blockquote|In the film's opening, the camera from above moves over water and through mountains with the ease of a bird in flight. Below, on a winding mountain road, Jack's diminutive yellow [[Volkswagen]] journeys through a tree-lined maze, resembling one of Danny's toy cars or the yellow tennis ball seen later outside of Room 237.<ref>Nelson, Thomas Allen, Kubrick: Inside a Film Artist's Maze p.203, 209, 214</ref>}}

=== Danny Torrance ===
Danny Torrance is considerably more open about his supernatural abilities in the novel, discussing them with strangers such as his doctor.<ref>{{cite book |last=Rasmussen |first=Randy |title=Stanley Kubrick: Seven Films Analyzed p.233 |publisher=McFarland}}See novel's Chapter 17, ''The Doctor's Office'', and chapter 20, ''Talking with Mr. Ullman''</ref> In the film, he is quite secretive about them even with his prime mentor Dick Hallorann, who also has these abilities. The same is true of Dick Hallorann, who in his journey back to the Overlook in the book, talks with others with the "shining" ability, while in the film he lies about his reason for returning to the Overlook. Danny in the novel is generally portrayed as unusually intelligent across the board.<ref>Rasmussen, 233–4. See also novelChapter 16, ''Danny''.</ref> In the film, he is more ordinary, though with a [[preternatural]] gift.

Although Danny has supernatural powers in both versions, the novel makes it clear that his apparent imaginary friend "Tony" really is a projection of hidden parts of his own psyche, though heavily amplified by Danny's psychic "shining" abilities. At the end it is revealed that Danny Torrance's middle name is "Anthony".<ref>Tony's real identity is revealed in Chapter 54.</ref>

=== Wendy Torrance ===
Wendy Torrance in the film is relatively meek, submissive, passive, gentle, and mousy; this is shown by the way she defends Jack even in his absence to the doctor examining Danny. In the novel, she is a far more self-reliant and independent personality, who is tied to Jack in part by her poor relationship with her parents.<ref>{{cite book |last=Bailey |first=Dale |date=June 2011 |title=American Nightmares: The Haunted House Formula in American Popular Fiction, p. 95 |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press |isbn=978-0-299-26873-2}} See also the novel Chapter 5, ''Phone Booth'', and Chapter 6, ''Night Thoughts''.</ref> In the novel, she never displays hysteria or collapses the way she does in the film, but remains cool and self-reliant. Writing in ''Hollywood's Stephen King'', author Tony Magistrale writes about the mini-series remake:

<blockquote>
[[Rebecca De Mornay|[Rebecca] De Mornay]] restores much of the steely resilience found in the protagonist of King's novel and this is particularly noteworthy when compared to Shelley Duvall's exaggerated portrayal of Wendy as [[Olive Oyl]] revisited: A simpering fatality of forces beyond her capacity to understand, much less surmount.<ref>Magistrale, p. 202.</ref>
</blockquote>

Co-screenwriter Diane Johnson stated that in her contributions to the script, Wendy had more dialogue, and believes that Kubrick cut many of her lines due to his dissatisfaction with Duvall's delivery. Johnson believes that the earlier draft of the script portrayed Wendy as a more rounded character.{{sfn|Johnson essay|2006|ref=essayDJ|p=56}} The "Wendy Theory" claims that Kubrick made Wendy, not Jack, the psychotic character. Shifts in continuity and camera placement are said to represent Wendy's delusional perspective.<ref name="events">{{cite web|url=https://nofilmschool.com/Wendy-theory|website=nofilmschool.com|title=Were the Events in 'The Shining' All in Wendy's Head?|date=3 November 2021}}</ref><ref name="hallucinating">{{cite web|url=https://www.fortressofsolitude.co.za/the-shining-explained-exploring-the-wendy-is-hallucinating-theory/|website=fortressofsolitude.co.za|title=The Shining Wendy Theory Explained|date=15 April 2024}}</ref><ref name="super dark">{{cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/shining-wendy-torrance-story-fake-head-theory-explained/|website=screenrant.com|title=Super Dark The Shining Theory Reveals The Story Is All In Wendy's Head|date=21 May 2022}}</ref><ref name="screenrant_the-shining-wendy-theory">{{cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/the-shining-wendy-theory-explained/|website=screenrant.com|title=The Shining: The Wendy Theory, Explained|date=24 January 2025}}</ref>

=== Stuart Ullman ===
In the novel, Jack's interviewer, Ullman, is highly authoritarian, a kind of snobbish martinet. The film's Ullman is far more humane and concerned about Jack's well-being, as well as smooth and self-assured. Only in the novel does Ullman state that he disapproves of hiring Jack but higher authorities have asked that Jack be hired.<ref>Jack's disdain for Ullman is the main subject of Chapter 1 of the novel, setting up Jack's authority issues.</ref> Ullman's bossy nature in the novel is one of the first steps in Jack's deterioration, whereas in the film, Ullman serves largely as an expositor.

In ''Stanley Kubrick and the Art of Adaptation'', author Greg Jenkins writes "A toadish figure in the book, Ullman has been utterly reinvented for the film; he now radiates charm, grace and gentility."<ref>p. 74 of ''Stanley Kubrick and the Art of Adaptation: Three Novels, Three Films'' by Greg Jenkins, published by McFarland, 1997</ref>

From ''Kubrick: Inside a Film Artist's Maze'': Ullman tells Jack that the hotel's season runs from May 15 to October 30, meaning that the Torrances moved in on [[Halloween]] (October 31). On Ullmann's desk next to a small American flag sits a metal cup containing pencils and a pen&nbsp;– and a miniature replica of an ax.

"When Ullman, himself all smiles, relates as a footnote the story about the former caretaker who 'seemed perfectly normal' but nevertheless cut up his family with an ax, Jack's obvious interest (as if he's recalling one of his own nightmares) and his insincere congeniality (early signs of a personality malfunction) lead the viewer to believe that the film's definition of his madness will be far more complex."<ref>Nelson, p. 200, 206, 210</ref>

=== Family dynamics ===
Stephen King provides the reader with a great deal of information about the stress in the Torrance family early in the story,<ref>Rasmussen, 233–4. See also novel Chapter 6, "Night Thoughts".</ref> including revelations of Jack's physical abuse of Danny and Wendy's fear of Danny's mysterious spells. Kubrick tones down the early family tension and reveals family disharmony much more gradually than King does. In the film, Danny has a stronger emotional bond with Wendy than with Jack, which fuels Jack's rather paranoid notion that the two are conspiring against him. The exact opposite is true in the book, where Wendy occasionally experiences jealousy at the fact that Danny clearly prefers Jack to her.

=== Plot differences ===
In the novel Jack recovers his sanity and goodwill through the intervention of Danny; this does not occur in the film. Writing in ''[[Cinefantastique]]'' magazine, Frederick Clarke suggests, "Instead of playing a normal man who becomes insane, Nicholson portrays a crazy man attempting to remain sane."<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Clarke |first1=Frederick |year=1996 |title=The Shining |journal=Cinefastique |volume=28}}</ref> In the novel, Jack's final act is to enable Wendy and Danny to escape the hotel before it explodes due to a defective boiler, killing him.<ref>{{cite book |title=American nightmares: the haunted house formula in American popular fiction |last=Bailey |first=Dale |year=1999 |publisher=Popular Press |isbn=978-0-87972-789-5 |page=62}}</ref> The film ends with the hotel still standing. More broadly, the defective boiler is a major element of the novel's plot, entirely missing from the film version.

Because of the limitations of special effects at the time, the living [[topiary]] animals of the novel were omitted and a hedge maze was added,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pages.prodigy.com/kubrick/kubts.htm |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090712223125/http://pages.prodigy.com/kubrick/kubts.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 12, 2009 |title=Stanley Kubrick's The Shining |publisher=Pages.prodigy.com |access-date=April 17, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://americancinemapapers.homestead.com/files/KUBRICK_THE_SHINING.htm |title=Stanley Kubrick's – The Shining – By Harlan Kennedy |publisher=Americancinemapapers.homestead.com |access-date=April 17, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090708134007/http://americancinemapapers.homestead.com/files/KUBRICK_THE_SHINING.htm |archive-date=July 8, 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref> acting as a final trap for Jack Torrance as well as a refuge for Danny.

In the film, the hotel possibly derives its malevolent energy from being built on a Native American burial ground. In the novel, the reason for the hotel's manifestation of evil is possibly explained by a theme present in King's previous novel ''[['Salem's Lot]]'' as well as [[Shirley Jackson]]'s ''[[The Haunting of Hill House]]'': a physical place may absorb the evils that transpire there and manifest them as a vaguely sentient malevolence.<ref>''Cinema of the occult: new age, satanism, Wicca, and spiritualism in film'', by Carrol Lee Fry, notes similarities to both the Jackson story and Poe's ''[[The Fall of the House of Usher]]'' (p. 230).</ref> The film's Hallorann speaks to Danny about that phenomenon occurring at the Overlook. In the novel, Jack does a great deal of investigation of the hotel's past through a scrapbook,<ref>The chapter is analyzed at length in {{cite book |title=Discovering Stephen King's The shining |last=Magistrale |first=Toney |year=1998 |publisher=Wildside Press |isbn=978-1-55742-133-3 |pages=39–following}}</ref> a subplot almost omitted from the film aside from two touches: a brief appearance of the scrapbook beside the typewriter, and Jack's statement to the ghost of Grady that he knows his face from an old newspaper article describing the latter's horrific acts. Kubrick in fact shot a scene where Jack discovers the scrapbook but removed it during post-production, a decision which co-screenwriter Diane Johnson lamented.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.terrortrap.com/interviews/dianejohnson/ |title=The Shining Adapted: An Interview with Diane Johnson |access-date=January 29, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417124813/http://www.terrortrap.com/interviews/dianejohnson/|archive-date=April 17, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>

Some of the film's most iconic scenes, such as the ghost girls in the hallway, the torrent of blood from the elevators, and typewritten pages Wendy discovers on Jack's desk, are unique to the film.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kevinbroome.com/images/shining.jpg |title=KevinBroome.com |access-date=April 17, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713144430/http://www.kevinbroome.com/images/shining.jpg |archive-date=July 13, 2011}}</ref> Similarly, many of the most memorable lines of dialogue ("Words of wisdom" and "Here's Johnny!") are heard exclusively in the film.

=== Film adaptation commentary ===
Although Stephen King fans were critical of the novel's adaptation on the grounds that Kubrick altered and reduced the novel's themes, a defense of Kubrick's approach was made in Steve Biodrowski's review of the film.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hollywoodgothique.com/shining1980.html |title=The Shining (1980) Review |publisher=Hollywood Gothique |access-date=April 17, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100402063537/http://www.hollywoodgothique.com/shining1980.html |archive-date=April 2, 2010 |url-status=live}} Biodrowsky is a former editor of the print magazine ''Cinefantastique''</ref> He argues that as in earlier films, Kubrick stripped out the back story of the film, reducing it to a "basic narrative line", making the characters more like archetypes. His review of the film is one of the few to go into detailed comparison with the novel. He writes, "The result&nbsp;... [is] a brilliant, ambitious attempt to shoot a horror film without the Gothic trappings of shadows and cobwebs so often associated with the genre."

== Influence in popular culture ==
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Both parodies and homages to ''The Shining'' are prominent in UK and U.S. popular culture, particularly in films, TV shows, video games and music.<ref>{{cite news |title='Secret Window' achieves horror with suspense, silence |url=http://media.www.westernherald.com/media/storage/paper881/news/2004/03/15/Ae/Movie.Reviewsecret.Window.Achieves.Horror.With.Suspense.Silence-2125146.shtml |publisher=Western Herald |date=March 15, 2004 |access-date=May 21, 2007 |quote="The Shining" has cemented a spot in horror pop culture. | url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010171907/http://media.www.westernherald.com/media/storage/paper881/news/2004/03/15/Ae/Movie.Reviewsecret.Window.Achieves.Horror.With.Suspense.Silence-2125146.shtml |archive-date=October 10, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Simon Hill |title=The Shining Review |url=http://www.celluloiddreams.co.uk/theshining.html |publisher=Celluloid Dreams |access-date=May 21, 2007 |quote=This film has embedded itself in popular culture{{nbsp}}... | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070718074954/http://www.celluloiddreams.co.uk/theshining.html | archive-date=July 18, 2007 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Mark Blackwell |title=Deep End: Christiane Kubrick |url=http://origin.abc.net.au/rn/deepend/stories/2005/1516125.htm |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] |date=November 24, 2005 |access-date=May 21, 2007 |quote=Images from his films have made an indelible impression on popular culture. Think of...Jack Nicholson sticking his head through the door saying 'Here's Johnny' in ''The Shining''. |archive-date=November 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114040143/http://www.abc.net.au/rn/legacy/programs/deepend/stories/2005/1516125.htm |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Shining tops screen horrors |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3215471.stm |work=BBC News |date=October 27, 2003 |access-date=May 21, 2007 |quote=The scene in The Shining has become one of cinema's iconic images{{nbsp}}... | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070913185528/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3215471.stm | archive-date=September 13, 2007 | url-status=live }}</ref> Images and scenes including the Grady girls in the hallway, the word "Redrum", the blood spilling out of the elevator doors<ref>{{cite web |title=Stephen Chow's "Kungfu Hustle" salutes to Kubrick's "The Shining" (in Chinese) |url=http://ent.sina.com.cn/m/c/2004-12-19/1603603991.html |date=December 12, 2004 |access-date=March 28, 2009 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120810232744/http://ent.sina.com.cn/m/c/2004-12-19/1603603991.html | archive-date=August 10, 2012 | url-status=live}}</ref> and Jack sticking his head through the hole in the bathroom door, saying, "Here's Johnny", are frequently referenced in the media.

''[[The Simpsons]]'' 1994 episode "[[Treehouse of Horror V]]" includes a parody titled "The Shinning". Similarities include [[Sherri and Terri]], the twins in Bart's fourth grade class looking visually similar to the Grady girls, Homer writing "No TV and No Beer Make Homer Go Crazy" and Homer breaking into a room with an axe and uttering 'here's Johnny', only to discover that he had entered the wrong room and using the introduction for ''[[60 Minutes]]'' instead.<ref>''The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy'' by Gary Westfahl states, "While the scope of reference to fantastic fiction in ''The Simpsons'' is vast, there are two masters of the genre whose impact on ''The Simpson'' supersedes that of all others: Stanley Kubrick and Edgar Allan Poe." p. 1232</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Family Dynamic |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |date=January 29, 2003 |url=https://ew.com/ew/article/0,,417748_2,00.html |access-date=March 3, 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070322183510/https://ew.com/ew/article/0,,417748_2,00.html | archive-date=March 22, 2007 | url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=indiewire>{{cite web |url=https://indiewire.com/2015/10/12-haunting-tv-homages-to-the-shining-56109/ |title=12 Haunting TV Homages to 'The Shining' |last1=Miller |first1=Liz Shannon |last2=Travers |first2=Ben |website=IndieWire |language=en|access-date=October 1, 2017 |date=October 27, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001123030/https://indiewire.com/2015/10/12-haunting-tv-homages-to-the-shining-56109/|archive-date=October 1, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[The Simpsons (season 30)|season 30]] 2019 episode "[[Girl's in the Band]]" has Homer, driven mad from working double shifts at the nuclear power plant, experiencing a Gold Room party scene with Lloyd followed by an axe-wielding Human Resources Director who resembles Nicholson's character.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sokol |first1=Tony |title=The Simpsons Season 30 Episode 19 Review: Girl's in the Band |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/us/tv/the-simpsons/280186/the-simpsons-season-30-episode-19-review-girls-in-the-band |website=Den of Geek |date=April 2019 |access-date=April 2, 2019 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401100705/https://www.denofgeek.com/us/tv/the-simpsons/280186/the-simpsons-season-30-episode-19-review-girls-in-the-band |archive-date=April 1, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Dutch [[dance music]] duo [[Doop (band)|Hocus Pocus]] sampled Nicholson's "Here's Johnny" line in their 1993 dance song "[[Here's Johnny (Hocus Pocus song)|Here's Johnny]]".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pilerats.com/music/electronic/hotcaller-heres-johnny-remix/ |title=Introducing Hotcaller, Who Just Dropped a Monster Remix of Here's Johnny |website=pilerats.com |date=2019|access-date=April 9, 2022|archive-date=November 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128123437/http://pilerats.com/music/electronic/hotcaller-heres-johnny-remix/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1995, the song reached number one in Australia for six weeks, making it the first dance single to do so without radio support in Australia.<ref name="ausye">{{cite web |url=https://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Hocus+Pocus&titel=Here%27s+Johnny%21&cat=s |title=Hocus Pocus – Here's Johnny! |website=australian-charts.com|access-date=August 16, 2023|archive-date=April 9, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409153911/https://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Hocus+Pocus&titel=Here%27s+Johnny%21&cat=s|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.centralstation.com.au/history/Hocus-Pocus-Heres-Johnny |title=Hocus Pocus – Here's Johnny |publisher=[[Central Station Records]]|access-date=April 9, 2022|archive-date=January 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124075300/https://www.centralstation.com.au/history/Hocus-Pocus-Heres-Johnny|url-status=live}}</ref>

The film was played at the drive-in theater alongside ''[[Psycho (1960 film)|Psycho]]'' as part of the Night of Horrors combo in ''[[Twister (1996 film)|Twister]]'' from 1996.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://moviesinothermovies.com/2018/04/16/the-shining-in-twister/ |title='The Shining' in 'Twister' |date=April 16, 2018|access-date=March 27, 2022|archive-date=February 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227184649/https://moviesinothermovies.com/2018/04/16/the-shining-in-twister/|url-status=live}}</ref>

American [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] band [[Slipknot (band)|Slipknot]] pay homage to the film in their first music video for their 1999 song "[[Spit It Out (Slipknot song)|Spit It Out]]", directed by [[Thomas Mignone]]. The video consists of conceptual imagery of the band members each portraying characters enacting iconic scenes from the film, with [[Joey Jordison]] as Danny Torrance; [[Shawn Crahan]] and [[Chris Fehn]] as the Grady sisters; [[Corey Taylor]] as Jack Torrance; [[Mick Thomson]] as Lloyd the Bartender; [[Craig Jones (musician)|Craig Jones]] as Dick Hallorann; [[James Root]] as Wendy Torrance; [[Paul Gray (Slipknot)|Paul Gray]] as Harry Derwent; and [[Sid Wilson]] as the corpse in the bathtub. The video was banned from [[MTV]] for overtly graphic and violent depictions, including Corey Taylor's smashing through a door with an axe and the scene wherein James Root viciously assaults Corey Taylor with a baseball bat. Mignone and the band eventually re-edited a less violent version, which was subsequently aired on MTV.<ref>''Dirty Horror Spotlight: Slipknot'' [http://dirtyhorror.com/ Dirty Horror Posted January 30, 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708165126/http://dirtyhorror.com/ |date=July 8, 2019 }}</ref><ref>''10 Great Pop Culture Homages To The Shining'' [http://flavorwire.com/214836/10-great-pop-culture-homages-to-the-shining Flavorwire – Posted Sept 30, 2011] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140531125138/http://flavorwire.com/214836/10-great-pop-culture-homages-to-the-shining |date=May 31, 2014 }}</ref>

The film's haunted ballroom scene served as inspiration for English musician Leyland Kirby to create [[the Caretaker (musician)|the Caretaker]] alias; his debut album ''[[Selected Memories from the Haunted Ballroom]]'' (1999) featured a prominent influence from the film.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.avclub.com/a-scene-from-the-shining-inspired-a-haunting-ode-to-dyi-1798241679 |title=A scene from ''The Shining'' inspired a haunting ode to dying memory |date=October 31, 2013 |access-date=April 7, 2021 |website=[[The A.V. Club]] |last=O'Neal |first=Seal |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103183255/https://music.avclub.com/a-scene-from-the-shining-inspired-a-haunting-ode-to-dyi-1798241679 |archive-date=November 3, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In the 2004 martial arts comedy film ''[[Kung Fu Hustle#References to other works|Kung Fu Hustle]]'', the protagonist arrives at the door of a cell in a mental asylum, and hallucinates a large wave of blood rushing from the cell door, similar to a scene in ''The Shining''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Glaze|first=Violet|title=Review: Kung Fu Hustle|work=Citypaper Film|date=20 April 2005|url=http://citypaper.com/film/review.asp?rid=8708|access-date=10 July 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927210314/http://citypaper.com/film/review.asp?rid=8708|archive-date=27 September 2007}}</ref>

American rock band [[Thirty Seconds to Mars]] produced a music video<ref>{{cite web |last1=Leto |first1=Jared |title=Thirty Seconds to Mars – The Kill (Bury Me) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8yvGCAvOAfM  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/8yvGCAvOAfM |archive-date=December 22, 2021 |url-status=live |website=YouTube |date=September 22, 2010 |access-date=January 18, 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref> for their 2006 single "[[The Kill]]" which is an extended homage to the film. The music video is set in a haunted hotel, and replicates imagery from the film including the black intertitles with white text, Jack's typewriter, Lloyd's bar, Jack bouncing a tennis ball against a wall, the ghostly woman in the bathroom, the murdered Grady sisters, and the hotel guest being [[Fellatio|fellated]] by another man dressed as a bear. The music video was directed by lead singer [[Jared Leto]].

Director [[Tim Burton]], who credits Kubrick as an influence, modeled the characters of [[Tweedledum and Tweedledee]] in his 2010 version of ''[[Alice in Wonderland (2010 film)|Alice in Wonderland]]'' on the Grady girls (like so many viewers of the film, Burton identifies the girls as twins in spite of Ullman's dialogue to the contrary).<ref>{{cite news |author=Geoff Boucher |title=Tim Burton took a 'Shining' to Tweedledee and Tweedledum |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |url=http://herocomplex.latimes.com/2010/02/10/tim-burton-took-a-shining-to-tweedledee-and-tweedledum/ |date=February 10, 2010 |access-date=February 17, 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110120211132/http://herocomplex.latimes.com/2010/02/10/tim-burton-took-a-shining-to-tweedledee-and-tweedledum/ | archive-date=January 20, 2011 | url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Vince Gilligan]], being a fan of Kubrick and his "non-submersible moments", has included references to Kubrick movies in many of his works.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Ryan |first1=Maureen |title='The X-Files' Turns 20: 'Breaking Bad' Creator On What He Learned From Mulder And Scully |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/07/11/x-files-vince-gilligan_n_3530106.html |newspaper=Huffington Post |access-date=January 8, 2018 |date=July 11, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421122954/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/07/11/x-files-vince-gilligan_n_3530106.html|archive-date=April 21, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nelson |first1=Erik |title="Breaking Bad": Unsinkable |url=https://www.salon.com/2012/09/03/breaking_bad_unsinkable/ |website=Salon |access-date=January 8, 2018 |date=September 3, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108175014/https://www.salon.com/2012/09/03/breaking_bad_unsinkable/|archive-date=January 8, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> "I'm happy to see that his inspiration has shown in noticeable ways in our work in ''[[Breaking Bad]]'' and ''[[Better Call Saul]]''", says Gilligan.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dga.org/Craft/DGAQ/All-Articles/1704-Fall-2017/Stanley-Kubrick-Influence.aspx |title=Kubrick's Outsize Influence – |website=www.dga.org |language=en|access-date=January 8, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108233516/https://www.dga.org/Craft/DGAQ/All-Articles/1704-Fall-2017/Stanley-Kubrick-Influence.aspx|archive-date=January 8, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> ''Breaking Bad's'' 2010 episode "[[Sunset (Breaking Bad)|Sunset]]" has a cop radioing for assistance and begins, "KDK-12" – the radio address at the Overlook, before being axed. The axe-murdered Grady sisters in ''The Shining'' are turned into the axe-murdering Salamanca twins in ''Breaking Bad''. The descent of the main character, school teacher Walt, into the dark killer has some similarities to Jack's arc. Reflections are used in both to show the characters change.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lyons |first1=Margaret |title=What Breaking Bad Owes to The Shining |url=https://vulture.com/2012/08/breaking-bad-the-shining.html |website=Vulture |access-date=January 8, 2018 |language=en |date=August 30, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108174851/https://vulture.com/2012/08/breaking-bad-the-shining.html|archive-date=January 8, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=indiewire /> ''Better Call Saul'' has a "Here's Johnny" scare in an episode. Gilligan has also likened his early writing situation, getting snowed in and not writing, to feeling like Jack while going insane.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Weisman |first1=Jon |title=Vince Gilligan of 'Breaking Bad' Looks Back |url=https://variety.com/2013/tv/awards/vince-gilligan-of-breaking-bad-looks-back-1200492687/ |website=Variety |date=June 6, 2013|access-date=January 29, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207063033/https://variety.com/2013/tv/awards/vince-gilligan-of-breaking-bad-looks-back-1200492687/|archive-date=February 7, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

The TV series ''[[Psych]]'' has a 2012 episode titled "[[Heeeeere's Lassie]]" in which the plot and characters are based on the film.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.eonline.com/news/298279/heeeeere-s-lassie-psych-s-james-roday-dishes-on-the-shining-tribute-plus-see-carlton-go-cray-cray |title=Heeeeere's Lassie! Psych's James Roday Dishes on The Shining Tribute; Plus, See Carlton Go Cray-Cray |work=E! Online|access-date=August 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813110426/http://www.eonline.com/news/298279/heeeeere-s-lassie-psych-s-james-roday-dishes-on-the-shining-tribute-plus-see-carlton-go-cray-cray|archive-date=August 13, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.avclub.com/psych-heeeeeres-lassie-1798171887 |title=Psych: "Heeeeere's Lassie!" |date=March 8, 2012|access-date=August 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813104629/https://avclub.com/tvclub/psych-heeeeeres-lassie-70327|archive-date=August 13, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=indiewire /> "Here's Johnny!" was parodied by British comedian [[Lenny Henry]] in an advertisement for [[Premier Inn]]. It was banned from being screened on a children's TV network.<ref>{{cite news |title=Premier Inn 'horror' ad banned from children's network |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/8584109.stm |work=BBC News |date=March 24, 2010 |access-date=April 17, 2015 |archive-date=November 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114040221/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/8584109.stm |url-status=live}}</ref>

The 2017 song "Enjoy Your Slay" by American [[metalcore]] band [[Ice Nine Kills]] is inspired primarily by the novel as well as the film adaption. The song also features Stanley Kubrick's grandson Sam Kubrick as guest vocalist.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ice Nine Kills release 'Shining'-inspired song featuring Sam Kubrick—listen – News – Alternative Press |url=http://www.altpress.com/news/entry/ice_nine_kills_the_shining_song_enjoy_your_slay |website=Alternative Press |language=en |date=May 26, 2017|access-date=May 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170526193759/http://www.altpress.com/news/entry/ice_nine_kills_the_shining_song_enjoy_your_slay|archive-date=May 26, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Ice Nine Kills Celebrates The Shining Anniversary With Themed Track That Includes Stanley Kubrick's Grandson! – Dread Central |url=https://www.dreadcentral.com/news/231427/ice-nine-kills-celebrates-shining-anniversary-themed-track-includes-stanley-kubricks-grandson/ |website=Dread Central |date=May 26, 2017|access-date=May 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170530112856/https://dreadcentral.com/news/231427/ice-nine-kills-celebrates-shining-anniversary-themed-track-includes-stanley-kubricks-grandson/|archive-date=May 30, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Steven Spielberg]], a close friend of Kubrick,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Madigan |first1=Nick |title=Kubrick remembered |url=https://variety.com/1999/film/news/kubrick-remembered-1117502130/ |website=Variety |date=May 17, 1999 |access-date=December 31, 2021 |archive-date=December 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231182356/https://variety.com/1999/film/news/kubrick-remembered-1117502130/ |url-status=live}}</ref> included a sequence dedicated to ''The Shining'' in the 2018 film ''[[Ready Player One (film)|Ready Player One]]'' when they could not get rights to use ''[[Blade Runner]]'' for a similar sequence. The Overlook Hotel is recreated, including the Grady sisters, the elevator, room 237, the lady in the bath tub, the ballroom, and the 1921 photo, in addition to using the score the reference. Spielberg considered this inclusion a tribute to Kubrick.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-ready-player-one-references-20180401-story.html |title=How the team behind 'Ready Player One' wrangled a bonanza of pop culture references into a single film |first=Josh |last=Rottenberg |date=April 1, 2018 |access-date=April 2, 2018 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402045709/https://latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-ready-player-one-references-20180401-story.html | archive-date = April 2, 2018 | url-status = live}}</ref>

In [[Andy Muschietti]]'s 2019 film ''[[It Chapter Two]]'', which is based on [[It (novel)|''It'']], another Stephen King novel, [[Pennywise]] takes the form of Henry Bowers while tormenting Beverly in a bathroom stall, and repeats the "here's Johnny!" line to her through the stall door. Bev nearly drowns in the blood that floods around her, similar to the elevator of blood in ''The Shining''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stewart |first=Brenton |date=September 17, 2019 |title=It: Chapter Two's The Shining Reference Makes Pennywise Even Scarier |url=https://www.cbr.com/it-chapter-two-the-shining-reference-pennywise/ |access-date=November 14, 2024 |website=CBR |language=en}}</ref> [[Dick Hallorann]] was featured in the [[HBO]] prequel series [[It – Welcome to Derry|''It: Welcome to Derry'']], which premiered on October 26, 2025. The series is set years before ''The Shining''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McGowan |first=Andrew |date=2025-11-10 |title='It: Welcome to Derry': Chris Chalk on Bringing Dick Hallorann From 'The Shining' to the Modern Stephen King Universe |url=https://variety.com/2025/tv/news/it-welcome-to-derry-chris-chalk-on-playing-dick-halloran-1236567287/ |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 2020, the fifth-season episode "Our Mojo" of ''[[Lucifer (TV series)|Lucifer]]'' paid homage to Kubrick and ''The Shining'' by having a young boy riding on a tricycle down a corridor in a hotel with wallpaper similar to the carpet pattern in the film.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rathore |first1=Saharsh W. S. |title=These Five Details In Netflix's Lucifer Are So Fine That The Devil May Miss It Too |url=https://www.dkoding.in/latest-news/five-details-in-netflix-lucifer-so-fine-that-the-devil-may-miss-it-too/ |website=Dkoding |date=September 21, 2020 |access-date=November 3, 2021 |archive-date=November 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103132409/https://www.dkoding.in/latest-news/five-details-in-netflix-lucifer-so-fine-that-the-devil-may-miss-it-too/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

As part of its "A History of Ideas" series, [[BBC Radio 4]] produced a video illustrating [[Immanuel Kant]]'s concept of the [[categorical imperative]] outlined in ''[[On a Supposed Right to Tell Lies from Benevolent Motives]]'', using the characters and setting of ''The Shining''. The video was narrated by [[Harry Shearer]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.open.edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/culture/philosophy/kants-axe |title=Kant's Axe |date=November 18, 2019 |access-date=November 20, 2024 |website=[[Open University]] }}</ref><!--PLEASE INCLUDE SECONDARY SOURCING ESTABLISHING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ANY REFERENCES. UNSOURCED REFERENCES MAY BE REMOVED. -->

== Related media ==
{{Main|Doctor Sleep (2019 film)|The Shining (franchise)}}

=== Sequel ===
In 2014, [[Warner Bros. Pictures]] began developing a film adaptation of ''Doctor Sleep'' (2013), Stephen King's sequel to his book, ''The Shining'' (1977).<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Kroll |first=Justin |url=https://variety.com/2014/film/news/shining-prequel-overlook-hotel-mark-romanek-1201190266/ |title='The Shining' Prequel to Be Directed by Mark Romanek (Exclusive) |magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=July 18, 2014 | access-date=October 26, 2018 |quote=In 2013, King published a 'Shining' sequel 'Dr. Sleep,' which Warners is also trying to get off the ground. | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191122001151/https://variety.com/2014/film/news/shining-prequel-overlook-hotel-mark-romanek-1201190266/ | archive-date=November 22, 2019 | url-status=live}}</ref> In 2016, [[Akiva Goldsman]] announced that he would write and produce the film for Warner Bros.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ramos |first=Dino-Ray |url=http://www.tracking-board.com/exclusive-akiva-goldsman-adapting-stephen-kings-the-shining-sequel-doctor-sleep-for-warner-bros/ |title=Akiva Goldsman Adapting Stephen King's 'The Shining' Sequel 'Doctor Sleep' |work=Tracking Board |date=March 31, 2016 | access-date=October 16, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030210558/https://www.tracking-board.com/exclusive-akiva-goldsman-adapting-stephen-kings-the-shining-sequel-doctor-sleep-for-warner-bros/ | archive-date=October 30, 2019 | url-status=live}}</ref> For several years, Warner Bros could not secure a budget for the sequel nor for a prequel to ''The Shining'' to be called ''Overlook Hotel''.<ref name="kroll20180628">{{cite magazine |last=Kroll |first=Justin |url=https://variety.com/2018/film/news/rebecca-ferguson-doctor-sleep-the-shining-ewan-mcgregor-1202860618/ |title=Rebecca Ferguson Joins Ewan McGregor in 'The Shining' Sequel (Exclusive) |magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=June 28, 2018 | access-date=October 17, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191122220824/https://variety.com/2018/film/news/rebecca-ferguson-doctor-sleep-the-shining-ewan-mcgregor-1202860618/ | archive-date=November 22, 2019 | url-status=live}}</ref> In June 2019, writer and director Mike Flanagan confirmed ''Doctor Sleep'' would be a sequel to both the 1980 film and King's novel.<ref name="polowy">{{cite news |last=Polowy |first=Kevin |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/doctor-sleep-trailer-the-shining-sequel-160528071.html |title=The return of 'redrum': See the first trailer for 'Doctor Sleep,' the long-awaited sequel to 'The Shining' |work=[[Yahoo! Finance]] |date=June 13, 2019 | access-date=June 13, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805193817/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/doctor-sleep-trailer-the-shining-sequel-160528071.html | archive-date=August 5, 2019 | url-status=live}}</ref> It was released in several international territories on October 31, 2019, followed by the United States and Canada on November 8, 2019.<ref name="youtube">{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2msJTFvhkU4 |title=Doctor Sleep – Official Teaser Trailer [HD] |work=[[YouTube]] |publisher=[[Warner Bros.]] |date=June 13, 2019 | access-date=June 13, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030174444/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2msJTFvhkU4 | archive-date=October 30, 2019 | url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Possible spin-offs ===
Prior to the release of ''Doctor Sleep'', it was revealed that Warner Bros. had enough confidence in the film that they hired Mike Flanagan to script a prequel with the working title ''Hallorann,'' focusing on the character of [[Dick Hallorann]].<ref name=":2" /> In August 2020, Flanagan stated that the project has been placed on an indefinite hold following the disappointing box-office performance of ''Doctor Sleep,'' while noting that it may be revived in the future. In September 2022, Flanagan confirmed the project was eventually scrapped.<ref name=":1" /> In December 2025, however, following the success of [[It – Welcome to Derry|''It: Welcome to Derry'']], plans for a spin-off focusing on Hallorann have resurfaced.<ref name=":3" /> 

In November 2019, Flanagan also stated that he was interested in directing a spin-off focused on Abra Stone, and that he has discussed the idea with Stephen King, who was receptive to the idea.<ref name=":4" />

In April 2020, a spin-off titled ''Overlook'' entered development for [[HBO Max]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/jj-abrams-sets-3-hbo-max-shows-justice-league-dark-shining-spinoff-duster-1290530 |title=J.J. Abrams Sets 3 HBO Max Shows: Justice League Dark, 'The Shining' Spinoff, 'Duster' |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=April 16, 2020|access-date=September 7, 2020|archive-date=September 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915203430/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/jj-abrams-sets-3-hbo-max-shows-justice-league-dark-shining-spinoff-duster-1290530|url-status=live}}</ref> In August 2021, HBO Max opted not to proceed with the project.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 11, 2022 |title='The Shining' Offshoot Series 'Overlook' From Bad Robot Dead At HBO Max – Deadline |url=https://deadline.com/2021/08/the-shining-overlook-bad-robot-dead-hbo-max-new-home-jj-abrams-stephen-king-1234808746/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811184353/https://deadline.com/2021/08/the-shining-overlook-bad-robot-dead-hbo-max-new-home-jj-abrams-stephen-king-1234808746/ |archive-date=August 11, 2022 |access-date=August 11, 2022}}</ref> It was soon after reported [[Netflix]] was a frontline bidder on the project,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Goldberg |first1=Lesley |title='Overlook' Hotel Drama From J.J. Abrams Being Shopped After HBO Max Pass |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/overlook-hotel-jj-abrams-series-hbo-max-pass-1234992466/ |website=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=November 24, 2022 |date=August 4, 2021 |archive-date=May 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503145149/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/overlook-hotel-jj-abrams-series-hbo-max-pass-1234992466/ |url-status=live}}</ref> though they, too, eventually passed.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Spencer |first1=Perry |title=HBO Max's Scrapped The Shining Prequel Series Almost Went to Netflix |url=https://comicbook.com/horror/news/hbo-maxs-scrapped-the-shining-prequel-series-netflix/ |website=Comicbook |date=March 19, 2022 |access-date=November 24, 2022 |language=en |archive-date=November 24, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124032955/https://comicbook.com/horror/news/hbo-maxs-scrapped-the-shining-prequel-series-netflix/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[List of ghost films]]
* ''[[Room 237]]'', a 2012 documentary about interpretations of ''The Shining''

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Sister project links|display=''The Shining''|d=Q186341|q=The Shining (film)|c=Category:The Shining (film)|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|wikt=no|s=no|species=no}}
* {{IMDb title}}
* {{Mojo title}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}
* {{AFI film}}
* {{TCMDb title}}
* {{TV Guide movie | 2030154778 }}
* [http://idyllopuspress.com/idyllopus/film/shining_toc.htm Kubrick's ''The Shining''], a shot-by-shot analysis by Juli Kearns

{{The Shining}}
{{Stanley Kubrick}}
{{Media based on Stephen King works}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Shining (film), The}}
[[Category:The Shining (franchise)]]
[[Category:1980 films]]
[[Category:1980 horror films]]
[[Category:1980 American films]]
[[Category:1980 British films]]
[[Category:1980 English-language films]]
[[Category:1980s ghost films]]
[[Category:American haunted house films]]
[[Category:American psychological horror films]]
[[Category:British haunted house films]]
[[Category:British psychological horror films]]
[[Category:English-language horror films]]
[[Category:Fiction about familicide]]
[[Category:Films about alcoholism]]
[[Category:Films about domestic violence]]
[[Category:Films about dysfunctional families]]
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[[Category:Films about twin sisters]]
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[[Category:Films based on American horror novels]]
[[Category:Films based on works by Stephen King]]
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[[Category:Films with screenplays by Diane Johnson]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by Stanley Kubrick]]
[[Category:Haunted house films]]
[[Category:Saturn Award–winning films]]
[[Category:United States National Film Registry films]]
[[Category:Warner Bros. films]]

{{Wikipedia attribution|original_title=The Shining (film)|access_date=2026-02-23}}